Author: Taco Tuinstra

Switzerland Implements National Age Restrictions

Photo: Lucia
Switzerland has enacted a new federal law requiring all cantons to restrict the sale of tobacco products to adults, reports SWI.
The new tobacco products act ends the cantonal patchwork of rules on cigarettes and tobacco-related products.
Before Oct. 1, when the new law took effect, the cantons of Schwyz and Appenzell Innerrhoden had no age restrictions on tobacco sales. In other cantons, potential buyers had to be 16 or 18 years old.
The new federal law also restricts advertising. Tobacco advertisements are no longer permitted on public property, and on private property only if they cannot be seen from public property. Events aimed at minors are no longer permitted to have tobacco sponsors. Free promotional gifts related to tobacco consumption are also no longer permitted.
Public smoking restrictions now apply to all tobacco products.
It remains unclear however how the federal law will be implemented as enforcement remains the responsibility of individual cantons.
October 2, 2024
Illegal Factory Raided in Bulgaria

Photo: Interior Ministry
Bulgarian authorities uncovered a large illegal cigarette factory near Sofia, reports the Bulgarian News Agency.
The facility, which produced fake versions of well-known cigarette brands, was capable of producing some 2,400-2,800 cigarettes per minute. The police also found some 20 tons of processed tobacco, designated to be packaged and branded as cigarettes.
Pre-trial proceedings have been initiated and a witness has been questioned. The operation was conducted under the Customs Agency’s direct supervision.
October 2, 2024
Lithuania Takes Aim at Cigarette Balloons

Photo: andrei310
Lithuania may permit its border guards to shoot down balloons carrying contraband from Belarus or Russia when they cross the border, reports The Baltic Times.
“In my opinion, border guards should have the right to shoot them down in the air,” Defense Minister Laurynas Kasciunas told reporters on Sept. 30.
The minister’s comments came after a balloon, suspected to have come from Belarus and carrying smuggled cigarettes, fell within Vilnius Airport’s airfield on Sept. 28.
Rustamas Liubajevas, the commander of the Lithuanian State Border Guard Service (SBGS), said that border guards have neither the necessary weapons nor the legal authority to shoot down objects that illegally cross the Lithuanian border by air.
He explained that border guards use assault rifles, which do not have the technical capability to shoot down higher-flying objects.
The SBGS has recorded around 250 incidents involving such balloons in the past month.
Poland too has recorded increased attempts to smuggle cigarettes into its territory by air.
October 2, 2024
Battery Law Forces IQOS from Kiwi Store Shelves

Photo: vfhnb12
Philip Morris International pulled its IQOS tobacco heating device from New Zealand store shelves after a new law took effect requiring vaping devices to have removable batteries, reports RNZ. Tobacco heating products (THPs) are classified as e-cigarettes in New Zealand.
RNZ says it has seen PMI emails sent to suppliers saying IOQS is “unavailable for purchase due to a regulatory change on 1 October 2024 affecting vaping devices.” In a statement, the multinational said it always complies with all necessary regulations, including on electronic devices.
IQOS consumables, known as Heatsticks, remain available for sale in New Zealand.
The news follows controversy about Associate Health Minister Casey Costello’s July announcement of a 50 percent cut to THP excise taxes—a move that critics say benefits only PMI, which is the sole supplier of the products in New Zealand.
Costello argues the tax cut will encourage smokers to switch to THPs, which are believed to be less harmful than combustible cigarettes. Costello’s plan is to have more than 7,000 people switch to THPs, which she sees as a tool to achieve New Zealand’s smoking reduction targets.
Prime Minister Christopher Luxon has backed Costello, telling RNZ the excise tax cut plan was a 12 month trial to “see how it goes” with HTPs lowering smoking rates.
Health advocates have accused the ruling coalition of caving to pressure from tobacco lobbyists. In late 2023, the government scrapped the country’s controversial generational tobacco ban, which would have prohibited tobacco products for people born after 2009.
In a briefing published Jan. 31 by the Public Health Communications Center, three University of Otago public health academics highlight links between government members of parliament and the tobacco industry.
October 2, 2024
FDA clears RespiRx IND

Image: Qnovia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has cleared an Investigational New Drug (IND) application for Qnovia’s RespiRx nicotine inhaler (QN-01).
According to Qnovia, the RespiRx is the first truly inhalable nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to assist smokers attempting to quit smoking.
The company will initiate a Phase 1, randomized, crossover, open-label trial to determine the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability following self-administration of nicotine-containing products in up to 24 healthy adult subjects who currently smoke combustible cigarettes.
“The FDA clearance of our IND application for QN-01 marks a significant achievement for Qnovia as we transition to a clinical-stage therapeutics company,” said Qnovia CEO Brian Quigley in a statement.
“Our U.S. clinical development plan is derisked by the positive first-in-human data we generated last year in support of advancing QN-01 in the United Kingdom where we demonstrated pulmonary delivery and a superior pharmacokinetic profile for the RespiRx when compared to existing nicotine replacement therapies,”
“The next step for our U.S. program is to initiate a randomized Phase 1 trial that evaluates QN-01 compared to the Nicotrol Inhaler and combustible cigarettes in a head-to-head comparison. We remain on track to dose our first patient in the fourth quarter of 2024 and in parallel will be advancing to a pivotal clinical trial in the U.K. to support an MAA submission [Marketing Authorization Application] to the MHRA [ Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency] in 2026.”
Qnovia’s proprietary drug/device combination already demonstrated dose-dependent pharmacokinetics, pulmonary delivery and was well tolerated in a first-in-human study conducted to support advancing QN-01 in the U.K., according to the company.
“There have been no treatment options for smoking cessation approved in the U.S. in over 20 years. As a result, attempting to quit ‘cold turkey’ remains the most popular method of quitting smoking,” said Mitch Zeller, Qnovia’s policy and regulatory strategy advisor.
“There is an extraordinary public health need for truly innovative products to help health-concerned smokers stop using cigarettes. Any effort to reduce the death and disease caused by tobacco use must include new and better tools in the treatment toolkit,” Zeller added.
October 1, 2024
In the Shadow of War

Image: Robert
With normal supplies cut off due to the Hamas-Israel conflict, cigarettes are selling for $30 per stick in Gaza.
TR Staff Report
Israel’s market has seen an upswing in cigarette consumption as war-related stress and anxiety take a toll on the population, especially on soldiers and their families. In the meantime, on the other side of the barricades, traders are selling cigarettes at some of the world’s highest prices, according to observers.
Import dynamics and tax receipts are two key indicators describing the state of play in the Israeli cigarette market.
In 2022, tobacco companies paid NIS7.5 billion ($2 billion) to the national treasury, according to the Tax Authority. Import volume was consistent throughout most of 2023, until October, when it jumped by 21.5 percent, the official data indicated.
A senior official in the customs brokerage industry, speaking to a local publication Finance Walla, suggested that the war could potentially contribute an additional NIS500 million to the national budget, thanks to the increased cigarette sales.
Tobacco consumption in Israel has long been the subject of increased attention and strong concerns among government officials and anti-smoking organizations.
According to a 2021 report by the Taub Center for Social Policy, nearly 20 percent of Israeli adults consume tobacco, which is higher than the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average. A quarter of men and 15 percent of women smoke, with rates higher among Arabs than among Jews.
The Israeli Health Ministry estimated that tobacco consumption in the country declined between 1998 and 2019. The Covid-19 pandemic triggered a slight increase in cigarette consumption, though the impact seems to be incomparable to that of the Gaza war.
Hedva Elmackias, deputy director of finance and marketing operations at the Taub Center, told Tobacco Reporter that no up-to-date information was available to judge how the Gaza war impacted the tobacco market in Israel.
However, the Gaza war has brought tobacco sales in the country to heights not seen for a long time. The link is obvious: People smoke more to combat stress and anxiety.
“The situation is obviously incredibly distressing,” Yahel Silberberg Vulej, a spokesman for Philip Morris International, told Tobacco Reporter, declining to discuss what impact the war produced on the company’s business in the country. “Throughout this situation, our priority has been to look after our people, ensuring our colleagues and their families are safe,” he added only.
Nevertheless, the impact of the war on Israeli tobacco sales is undeniable.
“A great deal of money has entered our business since the beginning of the war, millions of additional shekels,” What Alon, the owner of a cigarettes and smoking products distributor, told Finance Walla.
In physical terms, cigarette sales in Israel jumped to nearly 400 million packs against 352 million packs in the previous year, the official statistical data indicated. This is equal to 8 billion cigarettes.
While the surge in tobacco industry taxes may seem beneficial in the short term, economists caution that the long-term implications of the current trend in the Israeli tobacco market demand urgent attention and action from the authorities and social organizations.
The Abrahamson Network of addiction treatment centers allows every regular soldier to receive free smoking cessation treatments at any of its eight locations in Israel.
“This is a volunteer program in which all 50 of the company’s employees, therapists, service and support staff, nutrition consultants and Abrahamson’s operations and logistics team participate,” said Ehud Abrahamson, the company chief.
The World’s Most Expensive Cigarettes
Meanwhile, in Gaza, cigarettes are selling for record prices.
According to the Progressive Survey of Chronic Diseases conducted by the Palestinian Ministry of Health in 2022, the percentage of smokers in Palestine is the highest in the Middle East, reaching about 34 percent.
The survey results indicate that 55.1 percent of males and 12.1 percent of females are smokers, and more than a third of smokers are young people aged between 18 and 29.
While reliable data on the impact of the war on tobacco consumption in Palestine is scarce, local resident Ayad Thabet told Al Akhbar that the percentage of smokers has surged since the conflict began, painting a stark picture of the situation.
This happened even though a single cigarette can sell for $30 in the Gaza market, as estimated by the local press.
Currently, the Gaza tobacco market is primarily composed of poor-quality cigarettes of unknown origin smuggled from Egypt. Cigarettes of international brands can be rarely met here since the conflict started. The market is also highly speculative.
A local cigarette seller told Al Akhbar: “A few days before Hamas agreed to the Egyptian truce proposal, the price of a cigarette was NIS30 [$8], and minutes after Hamas agreed, its price dropped to NIS20, and after Israel and Netanyahu in their stubbornness rejected the truce, its price jumped to NIS100.”
Speaking about cigarette consumption, however, he argued that it went down dramatically due to a lack of supply and because people had no money to spare. He estimated that before the war, he used to sell 40 packs of cigarettes per day, but now he is lucky to sell two packs.
Cigarettes have become like a new gold in Gaza, a U.N. official described the present market situation to The Wall Street Journal.
Juliette Tourwa, director of communications for the United Nations Relief and Works Agency, told Tobacco Reporter that the organization doesn’t have reliable information about the state of the tobacco market in the Gaza Strip.
Cigarettes are smuggled to the Gaza Strip primarily from Egypt, sometimes even in the humanitarian aid trucks. Some reports indicate that the flow of contraband cigarettes has somewhat narrowed since the Israeli army attacked Rafah in early May.
Reselling cigarettes has become an extremely perilous profession in the Gaza Strip, as sellers are frequently targeted by desperate consumers.
Khaled Omar, another local resident, told Al Akhbar that when it comes to the tobacco market, “Gaza is like another planet” as the price per pack of cigarettes of international brands can reach $600 per pack. He assumes there is no place in the world where the price would be that high.
Omar also blames unscrupulous sellers for the market manipulation, assuming that they “are waging war against Palestinians, just like the Israel Army.”
Revival of the Illegal Segment
Not only did Gaza experience a jump in cigarette smuggling amid the ongoing war. The surge in tobacco sales in Israel, coupled with the general war-related turbulence, reportedly triggered a rise in cigarette smuggling to the country too.
In 2023, the Israeli Customs Service seized 36 containers filled with contraband cigarettes against only 17 in the previous year. Law enforcement agencies also warned at the airports and Israel’s land borders with Jordan and Egypt that the smuggling of cigarettes has become particularly frequent. In addition, thousands of packs of illegal cigarettes are regularly being seized at the seaports.
Smuggling cigarettes has become increasingly profitable among criminals in recent years due to the growing price differences between cigarettes in Israel, which are taxed at a high rate, and their prices in the neighboring countries, not only Jordan and Egypt but also European countries.
In 2024, the tobacco market is braced for another tax hike. The sales tax on cigarettes will rise from 270 percent and a price of NIS444.03 per thousand cigarettes to NIS850.62 per thousand cigarettes, to 270 percent and NIS 524.50 per thousand cigarettes, up to not less than NIS930 per thousand cigarettes.
The purchase tax on processed tobacco is also set to jump from 270 percent and NIS634.34 per kilogram to NIS1,215.18 per kilogram, to 270 percent and NIS749.29 per kilogram to NIS1,328.57 per kilogram.
In addition, the sales tax will be increased on other tobacco products, including tobacco-heating devices that use tobacco units and tobacco-heating devices that use tobacco. A tax of NIS113.39 per kilogram will be imposed on packages of loose tobacco for cigarettes.
At the end of 2023, cigarettes in Israel cost 80 percent to 100 percent more than in the neighboring Middle Eastern countries. The new tax increase should make the gap even wider.
A senior official at the Tax Authority told a local news outlet, Ynet, that law enforcement agencies are now bracing for a surge in the number of smuggling attempts, citing the existing price situation as the reason.
October 1, 2024
Campaigners Slam Irish Tax Hike

Image: alexlmx
Campaigners slammed the Irish government’s decision to increase the excise duty on a pack of 20 cigarettes by €1 ($1.11) starting Oct. 2.
The increase, which is double the usual increase of €0.50, will push the cost of a pack of 20 cigarettes in the most popular price category above €18, according to The Journal.
Simon Clark, director of the Freedom Organization for the Right to Enjoy Smoking Tobacco (Forest), described the decision as “brutal” and said law-abiding smokers were being “discriminated” against.
“Smoking is a legitimate habit,” said Clark. “This brutal hike in the cost of cigarettes will drive more smokers to the black market and fuel illicit trade.
“Law-abiding consumers, many of whom are on low incomes, will be unfairly discriminated against, and some may be forced further into poverty.
“It’s hard to imagine a more punitive or counterproductive measure because the only people who will benefit are criminal gangs and illicit traders.”
In addition to the cigarette tax hike, Ireland plans to introduce a tax on e-cigarettes from the middle of next year. The excise will place a fee on e-liquid at a rate of €0.50 for every milliliter.
The average disposable e-cigarette has 2 mL of e-liquid and costs €8. The introduction of the new tax will increase the cost to €9.23.
Minister for Finance Jack Chambers said it was not possible to introduce the fee this year due to operational and administrative challenges.
Lobby group Respect Vapers has accused politicians of attempting to “raise funds on vapes rather than helping people use vapes to quit smoking.”
The group pointed to a recent report by Healthy Ireland that said 25 percent of smokers who quit had used vapes and other studies that show the number of smokers in Ireland has reduced drastically in recent years.
October 1, 2024
Warm Reception?

Photo: Ina
How heated tobacco might change the US
By Cheryl K. Olson
A new kind of nicotine alternative is sidling back onto the U.S. market. Modern heated-tobacco products (HTPs) were gone before most Americans knew they even existed. After a limited test, a patent dispute took them off U.S. shelves in 2021.
The gradual return of HTPs has just begun, with a single brand. Within a few years, Americans will likely have access to multiple options now sold in other nations.
Conversations with a close family friend, a former pack-a-day smoker, piqued my interest in the potential of heated tobacco. While working for the European Union from Spain, he had sought out and rejected cigarette alternatives, from vapes to nicotine gum. For him, heated tobacco was a “radically different” revelation.
“It soothed my needs. It felt right and reassuring,” he told me. “From the moment I bought my IQOS, in 2017, I never smoked a cigarette again.”
Here’s a quick introduction to heated tobacco and its potential to attract and benefit Americans who smoke.
What HTPs Are and Aren’t
I asked Corey Henry, director of U.S. communications at Philip Morris International, to help me understand this product category. Basically, an HTP involves electronically heating a stick or capsule of tobacco to beneath the point of combustion, so it releases an aerosol but doesn’t burn. The design of the heating element varies.
The primary difference between an HTP and an e-cigarette? “A heated-tobacco product has to have some tobacco presence, whether it’s a leaf or paste,” says Henry.
HTP ancestors included Premier and Eclipse from R.J. Reynolds. These products were not electronic. The heat came from lighting a carbon tip (which glowed like a piece of charcoal on a barbecue); it was distributed through a rod. This approach did reduce some toxicants. PMI introduced the first electronic HTPs, including Accord in the U.S. and Heatbar in Germany.
According to the Financial Times, HTPs have enjoyed steady worldwide growth, exceeding that of vaping. The global HTP retail market value is estimated to reach $38.9 billion this year. The largest markets thus far include Japan, Italy and South Korea. In addition to IQOS, major brands include BAT’s Glo and Japan Tobacco’s Ploom.
American Evolution
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration first authorized the marketing of an IQOS “heat-not-burn” system in 2019. This included a holder and charger device plus several types of heated-tobacco units, called Heatsticks. That year, IQOS was gradually introduced in several Southeastern U.S. test markets by Philip Morris USA/Altria. Due to a dispute with R.J. Reynolds over technology patent infringement, IQOS left the U.S. market after just two years.
In early 2024, PMI took over from Altria the exclusive U.S. commercialization rights to the IQOS tobacco-heating system. After some delay, the IQOS3 model (authorized by the FDA in 2021) will test-launch in Austin, Texas, this fall. Henry noted that internationally, IQOS launches usually start in one or two cities. “You can make assumptions going in, but then you’ve got to test those assumptions and adjust, adapt.”
The national rollout of IQOS awaits the FDA’s OK of the latest evolution of IQOS, called Iluma. Applications were submitted to the FDA in October 2023; marketing authorization is anticipated in the second half of 2025. Iluma features various upgrades, including a slightly different heating technology and distinctive tobacco sticks. IQOS Iluma is available internationally in over two dozen markets.
“There’s a great level of interest to see how IQOS does in the U.S., so they want to see it launch and expand rapidly,” says Henry. “What we say is patience. There’s 28 million smokers, there’s 50 states—it’s basically like the European Union.”
U.S. HTP competitors are on the horizon. For example, a BAT submission for Glo has been under FDA review since 2021, along with a modified-risk tobacco product application submitted in 2023. Altria has partnered with JT Group to submit a PMTA to the FDA with the goal of bringing Ploom to the U.S.
The FDA’s list of authorized e-cigarettes includes a Logic Vapeleaf product that vaporizes capsules that contain tobacco. This is technically a heated-tobacco product. The product appears to be no longer marketed.
Attractions and Risks
One reason for a slow U.S. rollout is the low level of familiarity with heated tobacco. People need to get clear on the basics: It generates an aerosol; it doesn’t burn tobacco.
“There’s always an initial period of awareness and education that you have to do with adults who smoke, to help them understand what it is and what it isn’t,” says Henry. “When people hear the concept, the reaction is, ‘So … it’s like vaping?’”
We don’t even know how much awareness or confusion may exist. A large government survey fielded in May 2019 asked whether adults had heard of or tried heated-tobacco products (or heat-not-burn). Overall, 8.6 percent said they had heard of heated tobacco, and one-half of 1 percent had tried it. Here’s the catch: The brands mentioned in the survey questions were IQOS, Glo and Eclipse. Respondents who claimed knowledge of heated tobacco were likely thinking of the outdated Eclipse.
Responses to the 2023 National Youth Tobacco Survey are another example. One percent of respondents (representing 370,000 teens) claimed to have used an HTP. Given that the category was not sold anywhere in the U.S. at the time, this is impossible; it can only be a misunderstanding. The next few youth surveys in the U.S. will require cautious interpretation of this topic.
What makes us think people who smoke will switch to HTPs? Randomized controlled studies have shown that vaping works to help people stop smoking, even those without plans to quit. For HTPs, we’re not there yet. That kind of evidence would raise the comfort level of health professionals and public health advocates. An Italian trial found good results for HTPs, comparable to e-cigarettes, for smoking cessation.
Japan makes a good test of HTPs’ potential; sales of e-cigarettes are restricted, and oral products are culturally unappealing. Reduced-risk products are reportedly close to 40 percent of total tobacco industry volume in Japan, with cigarette sales nearly halved since 2015. The latest estimates suggest nearly 12 percent of adults use HTPs. It’s less clear yet how many switch completely from cigarettes to HTPs.
According to Henry, PMI’s research finds that internationally, about 72 percent of smokers who switch to IQOS do so fully. He anticipates similar results in the U.S.
Do people have lower exposure to some toxicants and carcinogens when they use HTPs instead of cigarettes? A Cochrane review of randomized controlled trials found moderate-certainty evidence for that. Also, the FDA authorized IQOS 2.4 and 3.0 versions to be marketed with reduced-exposure messaging. Specifically, “Scientific studies have shown that switching completely from conventional cigarettes to the IQOS system significantly reduces your body’s exposure to harmful or potentially harmful chemicals.”
‘Easier to Navigate’
HTPs are designed to mimic the physical sensations of smoking. “We think that bridge is a little easier to navigate with heated tobacco because there’s a level of familiarity,” says Henry. For example, “Your experience with an IQOS heat stick is six minutes or 14 puffs, about the same time that a smoker will smoke a cigarette.”
Due to this familiarity, my friend in Spain found switching to heated tobacco a quick and smooth adjustment. “With a coffee, when talking with someone, the routine in which I use IQOS is identical to my routine when I smoked,” he said. He learned to keep an extra charger at his office and in his car.
“The charger you hold in your hand has a very nice feel,” he said. “It’s light, it fits anywhere. So I didn’t miss having a cigarette in my hand,” he said. He also praised the absence of stale smoke smell in his home, car and clothing.
What else might attract Americans to heated tobacco? One U.K. survey of nicotine users found that common reasons for trying HTPs included curiosity; lack of smell, smoke and ashes; greater social acceptability; wanting to cut down or quit cigarette use; and enjoying the flavors or taste.
A Harm Reduction Journal study of the U.S. IQOS experience found that people who switched to the initial version were somewhat more educated and higher-income than the average smoking adult. That’s not unusual for early adopters of a new technology. It will be interesting to see how use patterns evolve as people get familiar with the device and see others switch to it.
A Role to Play
Some health advocacy groups have criticized PMI’s claims, suggesting that benefits of IQOS had been overstated. I’ve often wondered how my public health colleagues would view vaping if it had been framed differently at the start. Vaping burst into wide awareness as the subject of a youth-use moral panic. That first impression is hard to overcome. I applaud a careful, gradual, unflashy U.S. reintroduction for HTPs.
As one industry observer pointed out to me, the few e-cigarettes now authorized for sale by the FDA represent older technologies. New HTP technologies entering the market may benefit from that contrast. Another unknown affecting the fate of HTPs is whether sticks will be taxed like cigarettes or at a lower rate that encourages switching.
Now that nondeadly alternatives to smoking exist, it’s critical to speed up switching for those who can’t or don’t want to quit. More options are most welcome.
“There really isn’t a silver-bullet solution for smoke-free product alternatives,” says Henry. “It’s important that we distinguish heated tobacco from e-vapor, but in a way that isn’t disparaging. They each have a role to play.”
Cheryl K. Olson is a California-based public health researcher who specializes in behavioral health issues and consults on tobacco product behaviors via McKinney Regulatory Science Advisors. She spent 15 years on the faculty of Harvard Medical School.

October 1, 2024
Unfinished Business

Photos courtesy of FOREST
Despite changing attitudes, FOREST still has an important role to play, says Director Simon Clark.
By George Gay
Simon Clark readily admits that some people, even some people operating within the tobacco/nicotine industry, see the Freedom Organisation for the Right to Enjoy Smoking Tobacco (FOREST), of which he is the director, as something of a dinosaur. Indeed, he feels it is part of his job to counter this idea by letting it be known that FOREST is fighting for timeless principles—those of freedom of choice and personal responsibility.
Not only are these principles timeless, in fact; they are universal in the sense that they apply to all consumer products, not only tobacco in its smoked form, as the name of the organization suggests. For the past 45 years, while not promoting the consumption or use of any product, FOREST has defended the rights of adult consumers, properly informed, to enjoy, without being harassed by excessive regulation, any product that may be sold legally in the U.K.
But what is of course most impressive is that FOREST, almost uniquely, has been willing to stand up publicly for the rights of cigarette smokers, who, though still amounting to more than 6 million people, have been treated like outcasts by much of polite society—like people of the wrong class, people considered to be without agency, without the mental capacity to make the “right” choices for themselves.
And, regrettably, it is not only the public health community that has tried to “denormalize” cigarette smokers in this way. In recent years, so too have large swathes of the tobacco/nicotine industry—those who would sell cigarette smokers alternative lower-risk nicotine products, some of them while still selling cigarettes. Many of these companies and organizations have acquiesced in the face of claims that smoking is a “problem” that must be solved rather than a legal activity that provides enjoyment, in various ways, to those who indulge in it.

The Slippery Slope
Clark, a nonsmoker, should not be seen as a dinosaur, however, because he and FOREST have long supported the idea of offering cigarette smokers alternative lower-risk products, but the emphasis is on “offering.” He views with dismay verging on disdain the way that some in the tobacco/nicotine industry are willing to throw cigarette smokers under the bus by supporting government efforts to eradicate cigarette smoking and, indeed, tobacco consumption in all forms. And he has a point. Shortly after I met up with Clark in London in July, an email dropped into my inbox with news from the U.K. Vaping Industry Association, toward the end of which was this sentence: “Furthermore, the vaping industry is all about [my emphasis] achieving a smoke-free Britain, and we look forward to working with the new government’s initiatives that support this, as long as it doesn’t damage the vast potential of vaping as our best hope for getting there.’”
Hmm, you really must be careful what you wish for, and Clark has a salutary message for tobacco/nicotine companies and organizations that align closely with public health, including Philip Morris International, which, while selling combustible cigarettes, are calling for their eradication. He is convinced that once those public health organizations that are now trying to eradicate tobacco smoking do so to their satisfaction, they will go after nicotine consumption using the successful playbook they have honed in respect of cigarette smoking. And, in part, those offering the main forms of alternative products are laying the groundwork for their own demise. By trying to promote their products as therapeutic devices whose only purpose is to provide a way for smokers to quit combustible cigarettes, they are setting a time limit on these products’ useful lifespans. And by supporting the government’s efforts to meet its 2030 target (in England—other nations within the U.K. have their own targets) of ending tobacco smoking, they are further limiting those lifespans.
Perhaps it might be as well if those attempting to wipe out cigarette smoking revisit their dinosaur imagery. When the dinosaurs were wiped out in the great extinction event of more than 60 million years ago, about three-quarters of all animal species went with them—for the same reasons. Surely, the time has come when it is necessary for those promoting vaping and other tobacco-smoking alternatives to say that they are so confident about the safety of their products that they see no reason why nonsmokers should not consume them.

Looking Ahead
I met up with Clark because I was interested to know if, in this, FOREST’s 45th anniversary year, he believed that the organization would be around to celebrate 50 years. “I’m more hopeful now than I was a few years ago that we will get to our 50th,” he said. “I wouldn’t keep FOREST going just for the sheer hell of it. I genuinely think we still have a part to play in the political process.”
But he is cautious, saying he takes one year at a time, partly because he doesn’t take FOREST’s funding for granted. Philip Morris, never a major source of funding, made its last donation to FOREST in 1997, two years before Clark became FOREST’s director, while BAT, the first company to support the organization, pulled its funding three years or four years ago. That leaves Imperial and Japan Tobacco, the two major tobacco companies on the U.K market.
Perhaps the split with BAT was inevitable. While Clark says he understands the political and business reasons behind the shift in focus toward lower-risk products, I think the company’s latest claim to be creating a better tomorrow by building a smokeless world would be a little paternalistic and get stuck in the craw of this lifelong libertarian. The trouble here is that by claiming to be able to create a better tomorrow, BAT seems to be saying that everybody must sign up to the same idea of what constitutes a better tomorrow, riding roughshod over Clark and FOREST’s cherished principle of freedom of choice.
This is not to say that Clark is trying to bite the hand that feeds FOREST or that used to feed it. This is part of what he had to say at a gala dinner marking FOREST’s 40th anniversary, sentiments that he stands by today. “Finally, I’d like to thank the tobacco companies who have supported FOREST for 40 years. We don’t take the companies’ support for granted, and we know that society’s relationship with smoking has changed and will continue to change, and we also know that the companies are changing and moving toward safer nicotine products, as indeed they should.
“FOREST’s focus is also evolving to embrace and support risk reduction products, but as long as there are adults who choose to smoke, enjoy smoking and don’t want to quit, we will never abandon them because it’s our belief that choice and personal responsibility are paramount.”

Work Remains
FOREST is not making a big thing of its 45th anniversary because it believes there is so much going on regarding tobacco smoking regulations that a celebration would have been self-indulgent. Even at its annual lunch, held at the Boisdale restaurant in London in May, which would have provided a suitable vehicle for a celebration, Clark demurred, instead using the occasion to carry forward its campaign to Beat the Ban—the generational ban on selling tobacco products, which, at that time, was making its way through parliament with cross-party support.
As it turned out, an election was called, and the tobacco and vapes bill that included the ban was abandoned. But that, of course, is not the end of the matter. The new government has committed to resurrecting the bill, though what form it will take is not clear.
And there is more to come. All tobacco issues in England are likely to be geared around 2030, when smoking is due to have been eradicated from the country—or, rather, in line with the strange way of such matters, is due to be reduced to about 5 percent from the current 13 percent. Clark expects that efforts will be made to reduce the number of outlets allowed to sell cigarettes, and he predicts that pressure will be applied to ban smoking in more outdoor areas, including beaches, which is ironic given that for many people, beaches have become no-go areas due to the illegal but wholesale dumping of untreated sewage into our seas and waterways. He also believes that the generational tobacco sales ban will collapse under the weight of its own absurdities but rather than be abandoned will form the basis for public health, having itself upset the generational balance and harmony, to call for the generational playing field to be leveled up by banning the sale of cigarettes to everybody. Politically, this sort of strategy is called “Building on failure.”

Education Instead of Coercion
To be clear, though, Clark has no problem with falling smoking rates; as he says, societies change, but he is concerned that the apparently arbitrary 2030 target date is going to be the springboard for more draconian regulations as the government sees that it has no chance of meeting it. He believes the government’s role should extend no further than educating people about the dangers of certain activities, including smoking, though he emphasizes that education should not include propaganda and fearmongering. Once governments start to exaggerate health risks, they lose their audience, he says. And he has no truck with the use of punitive rates of taxation, which amount to attempts at social engineering and in part lead to the government’s losing control of the market to illicit operators at the expense of the retail sector.
One of Clark’s big concerns is that governments are, in this way, increasingly interfering in all manner of people’s lifestyle choices by attacking those choices rather than their likely causes. Noting that smokers are more prevalent in deprived areas, governments have chosen to double down on anti-tobacco activities in those areas rather than taking the more difficult route of attacking the cause of the deprivation.
While such things make him angry, so that at times he can come across as quite cross, he also tends to see the funny side of things. With a twinkle in his eye, he told me it was interesting how many senior politicians whose periods in power were going pear-shaped would choose an easy target, such as smoking, to bolster their flagging legacies. Theresa May, as prime minister, had hit on the 2030 target date, seemingly without much evidence to support the relevance of that year, and Rishi Sunak, as prime minister, had lifted the generational tobacco sales ban from an opposition idea.
Finally, it would be amiss not to mention the word enjoyment, which is very much part of the FOREST name and credo but can get overlooked because the organization is continually fighting fires. Clark said that one of the things he was most proud of during his time as director of FOREST was his commissioning eight years ago of a study by the Centre for Substance Use Research in Glasgow, Scotland, into the attitudes of about 600 confirmed smokers: people who smoked and didn’t want to quit. “The pleasure of smoking: The views of confirmed smokers” found that more than 90 percent of respondents smoked because they enjoyed it and derived pleasure from smoking. Just over half said they were probably addicted to smoking but didn’t care because the pleasure outweighed the addiction.
The results of the study did not receive a great deal of media attention, probably because it goes against the received idea that smoking is a disgusting habit that most smokers wish they had never started and would not start given their time again. But one of the things that I take away from the study is Clark’s courage in commissioning it in the face of such received ideas. And partly because of his courage in standing up for what many think is a lost cause, smokers can be thankful that this “dinosaur” hopes he will be in charge as FOREST approaches its 50th anniversary. “I still enjoy my job,” he said. “I still think I have something to offer. I still get a kick out of it. And I still think we have a role to play.”
George Gay is Tobacco Reporter’s European editor, but his territory spans the globe. Based in London, George has covered the tobacco industry since 1982, initially for a U.K.-based publication and since 2004 for Tobacco Reporter. George’s understanding of industry issues, combined with his keen sense of observation and dry wit, have earned him a loyal following among Tobacco Reporter’s readers.

October 1, 2024
And the Winners are …

Announcing the 2024 recipients of the Golden Leaf Awards
TR Staff Report
Tobacco Reporter presented its 2024 Golden Leaf Awards Sept. 25 during a festive ceremony at the Agora Riviera Restaurant in Kavouri, near the site of this year’s Global Tobacco and Nicotine Forum in Athens. Sponsored exclusively by paper and packaging solution provider BMJ of Indonesia, the Golden Leaf Awards recognize excellence in the nicotine sector in the midst of our industry’s unprecedented transition.

Photos: Timothy Donahue
ARAC received a Golden Leaf Award for its outstanding service to the industry. Renowned for its expertise in social and behavioral sciences, the company specializes in data-driven research and analysis, providing customized solutions to manufacturers, public health advocates, regulatory agencies and industry consultants globally.
ARAC’s comprehensive services include surveys, interviews, focus groups, label development, usability studies and clinical behavioral studies, all aimed at advancing tobacco harm reduction.
The company has transformed from a consultancy to a fully staffed contract research firm. The expanded team brings unmatched expertise to every project, ensuring comprehensive and impactful results. ARAC’s internal team of psychologists, statisticians, behavioral scientists and business development specialists boast over a half-century of industry expertise.
The in-house survey methodologist and medical monitoring team enhances its standardization and facility training with on-site clinical assessments and proper sample distribution.
ARAC assists clients worldwide in product development and consumer research supporting innovation and next-generation products, with a focused expertise on the regulatory sciences for U.S. applications, including premarket tobacco product applications, modified-risk tobacco product applications and substantial equivalence procedures.

Greentank was recognized for its Quantum Vape, a state-of-the-art heating chip that replaces traditional cotton wick and ceramic heating elements. The technology outperforms other leading atomization products on key safety metrics, including harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) and metals. It also delivers superior flavor and a consistent consumer experience.
The Quantum Vape represents a breakthrough in inhalation science with the potential to catapult the industry beyond the current generation of atomization technology. Whereas most developments in recent years have amounted to tweaks of substrates and print materials, Greentank’s is the first in years to explore an entirely new foundation.
Among other benefits, the heating chip eliminates the risk of thermal cycling, therefore ensuring unprecedented levels of flavor consistency. Innovative assembly technologies ensure the heating chip emits no ceramic particle emissions and contains the lowest levels of HPHCs. While it’s not possible to claim complete absence, third-party testing and rigorous chemical analysis have found HPHCs to be at undetectable levels.
With its Quantum Vape, Greentank aims to lead the market toward a safer and better future.

Koerber took home the BMJ Most Committed to Quality Golden Leaf Award for its unwavering support of the nicotine business for nearly 80 years. Since its creation, the Hamburg-based company has consistently pushed the envelope with groundbreaking technologies, enabling the nicotine industry to produce ever more efficiently without compromising quality.
Koerber’s filter machines continue to set the global standard while its legendary Protos cigarette-making machines lead the market worldwide. Over the years, the company has added, organically and through acquisitions, many competences, including in physical measuring, foreign matter detection and smoke analysis, along with primary machinery, recon equipment and flavors.
As the nicotine business moves to its next chapter, Koerber is again at the forefront, developing equipment for the manufacture of cigarette alternatives such as tobacco-heating products.
In creating the technology to manufacture tomorrow’s products, the company leverages not only the expertise developed in the traditional tobacco business but also the pioneering mindset that has kept it at the cutting edge of nicotine technology for more than three quarters of a century.

Photo: Taco Tuinstra
The Kutsaga Tobacco Research Board was recognized for its efforts to promote sustainable growth. Eager to capture more value from its tobacco business, Zimbabwe aims to build a $5 billion industry by 2025 by expanding cultivation and moving up the value chain. With seed sales of more than 1 million grams as of Aug. 1, according to The Herald, the nation is poised to set new production records in the upcoming growing season.
To promote farmer viability and minimize the environmental impact of growth, Zimbabwe aims to increase production without laying claim to significantly more farmland. Kutsaga has contributed to those goals by developing seed varieties that are not only more productive but also more resilient, helping farmers cope with challenges such as pests and climate change.
In addition, the research board has been helping growers become more productive by reducing post-harvest losses. Zimbabwean tobacco production is dominated by smallholders who use wood as a fuel for tobacco growing. To address deforestation, Kutsaga has been developing sustainable wood sources and more efficient curing methods.

SindiTabaco received a Golden Leaf Award for its role in coordinating relief efforts after Brazil’s Rio Grande do Sul state in May suffered the worst floods in living memory. In all, the deluge impacted 1,929 rural properties in 75 municipalities. Candelaria was worst impacted, with 214 tobacco farmers suffering losses.
As one of the world’s leading tobacco-growing areas, Rio Grande do Sul plays a key role in global leaf supply. To help flood victims, SindiTabaco and its member companies donated basic food items, cleaning supplies, hygiene kits and furniture. They also provided personal loans for reconstruction and offered mental support from psychologists. In addition, tobacco companies and associations made available power generators and water tanks as well as boats and vehicles to rescue stranded people and animals.
The efforts helped many tobacco farmers and their dependents recover from disaster. According to a survey, 96 percent of the affected farmers intend to continue producing tobacco. SindiTabaco expects tobacco production from the impacted area to remain close to the projections estimated for the 2024–2025 growing season.
October 1, 2024