Category: Harm Reduction

  • University of Louisville to Host THR Course

    University of Louisville to Host THR Course

    Image: 4kclips

    The University of Louisville School of Medicine will host a continuing education course on tobacco harm reduction (THR).

    The program educates healthcare professionals about less-hazardous alternatives to cigarettes that still satisfy a smoker’s desire for nicotine/tobacco satisfaction. Rather than promoting medical intervention, the course equips health professionals to offer lifestyle options, especially to smokers who are unable or unwilling to quit nicotine/tobacco entirely.

    This program covers the following in five one-hour recorded PowerPoint presentations. Dozens of links to primary source materials demonstrating the critical public health value of THR are included.

    • Nicotine: Correcting misperceptions
    • Smoking and vaping in the U.S.
    • Risks of smokeless tobacco use and cigar smoking explained
    • Risks of e-cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco explained
    • Tobacco harm reduction can work: Evidence from around the world

     For more information, visit: https://louisville.edu/medicine/cme/credits/tobacco-harm-reduction.

  • U.S. States Fail to Harness Vaping’s Potential: Report

    U.S. States Fail to Harness Vaping’s Potential: Report

    Photo: pavelkant

    The Consumer Choice Center has released its second U.S. State Vaping Index, which looks at 50 states plus the District of Columbia. It reveals that only three states, including Alaska, North Dakota and Tennessee, received an A+ in the study for an evidence-based approach to vaping policy.  

    This rating means these states are in a position to harness the enormous potential of vaping as a harm-reduction tool while still letting consumers choose for themselves. Other states that perform well are Arizona, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Texas, Alabama, Arkansas, Oklahoma and Wisconsin. 

    By contrast, 12 states have overwhelmingly embraced restrictive policies on vapers and vaping, including Utah (0 points), California (second to last at 5 points), Vermont (10 points), Oregon, New York, New Jersey, Nebraska, Massachusetts, Illinois, Hawaii, D.C. and Colorado (all at 15 points). The number of low scores has doubled since the 2020 edition of the Vaping Index. 

    “Vaping saves lives,” said Emil Panzaru, research director for the Consumer Choice Center. “If every smoker in the United States switched to vaping over 10 years, you’d have 6.6 million fewer premature deaths in the U.S.

    “Unfortunately, policymakers across America do not recognize that vaping is a valid harm-reduction substitute for traditional combustible tobacco products. Vapes are often mistakenly referred to as tobacco products, and in turn, targeted with draconian flavor bans, taxed higher than cigarettes, subject to registries meant to gatekeep the products, and faced with bans on online sales.

    “These policies deter consumers from switching away from the more dangerous habit of smoking and fuel black markets for vape products. The end result is a patchwork of state laws at odds with the most up-to-date public health practices from around the world.”

    The purpose of the U.S. Vaping Index is to inform consumers about vaping policies in their area and highlight the need for more informed and level-headed lawmaking. The Consumer Choice Center weighed five factors in the index:

    1) Whether the state considers vapes to be tobacco products;

    2) State-level vaping flavor restrictions;

    3) Requirements for state registries (which mirror the FDA-approved database);

    4) Additional excise taxes on vaping; and

    5) The presence or absence of online sales bans.

    “Let’s set the empirical record straight,” said Panzaru. “The best available research by authorities such as Public Health England recognizes that vaping is 95 percent safer than combustible tobacco for users. Evidence in the New England Journal of Medicine finds that vaping is twice as effective at smoking cessation than any nicotine tablet, patch or spray at helping people quit smoking. 

    “What’s more, a review of 15 different studies found little evidence of a supposed gateway effect leading teens down the path from vaping to smoking or hard substances.”

    “Rather than embracing policies that ignore the evidence and do not work, state authorities should commit to studying and learning from the example of Sweden, the first country to become smoke-free in Europe thanks to the research-driven recognition of vapes as harm-reduction tools,” Panzaru concluded. 

  • EU Urged to Adjust Regulatory Framework

    EU Urged to Adjust Regulatory Framework

    Unless the EU changes its strategies, the trading bloc is unlikely to achieve “smoke-free status by the target date,” according to a briefing published by We Are Innovation (WAI).

    Titled “The EU’s Smoke-Free Future and the Role of Innovation—Findings from the Special Eurobarometer 539,” the paper notes that 24 percent of Europeans still smoke, placing the EU significantly behind its goal of becoming “smoke-free” by 2040. Global public health experts define a country as “smoke-free” when its smoking prevalence is 5 percent or less. The slow rate of smoking decline suggests that this scenario may not be reached until 2100—60 years after the target date.

    According to the authors of the paper, countries that enable smokers to move and stay away from cigarettes through progressive regulatory frameworks for alternative products are witnessing more significant decreases in their smoking rates. This is the case of Sweden, where smoking rates have been in freefall since 2006, and Czechia and Greece more recently. On the other hand, countries that do not endorse the role of innovation, like Estonia, have seen the opposite trend.

    The paper’s findings are consistent with research conducted outside the EU. The decline of smoking rates in the U.K., Switzerland, the U.S., New Zealand and Japan are linked to an uptake of vaping and tobacco-heating products, among others, according to its authors.

    WAI’s analysis suggests that innovative products act as an “off-ramp” to quit smoking rather than an “on-ramp” for nonsmokers to start using nicotine.

    The authors note that a smart regulatory environment for alternative products may have further benefits, like stimulating economic growth through enhancing entrepreneurship, innovation and job creation. It can also help reduce health disparities, as lower income groups tend to smoke more.

    The briefing paper suggests that the EU’s path toward a smoke-free future should include a reassessment of the current policies and a combination of traditional measures and programs with innovative alternatives to smoking. Prioritizing the accessibility, acceptability and affordability of diverse options to help with cessation can be the key.

  • French Vape Organization SOVAPE to Shutter Doors

    French Vape Organization SOVAPE to Shutter Doors

    French consumer vaping organization SOVAPE announced this week it will dissolve. The group has been active since 2016.

    Best known for organizing three Vape Summits in France between 2016 and 2019, SOVAPE also co-founded the European Tobacco Harm Reduction Advocates (ETHRA) umbrella organization. Since 2019, the group has commissioned annual surveys of French public opinion on vaping and nicotine conducted by major market research firm BVA.

    However, this year BVA notified SOVAPE that it could no longer participate due to a health industry client’s contract prohibiting BVA from also working with nicotine-associated organizations, according to media reports.  

    The abrupt cancellation of the survey followed other recent blows, including news articles accusing SOVAPE and other consumer groups of connections to the tobacco industry, and attacks on scientists and health professionals who supported SOVAPE’s mission.

    In an Oct. 6 website post, SOVAPE explained it can no longer carry out its mission due to the current climate of “censorship, threats, lies, denigration and slander, to which can be added the dissemination of fake news and the denial of scientific data.”

    “Dialogue in this context is impossible,” SOVAPE wrote, “and clearly, it is now even ‘forbidden’ to provide information, such as a banal survey, on reducing the risks of smoking in France.”

    SOVAPE will donate the balance of its funds equally to the Pasteur Institute and fellow vaping groups AIDUCE and La Vape du Cœur. SOVAPE has paid to keep its website available for 10 years, and maintains videos of Vape Summit proceedings on its Youtube channel.

    “We regret that we are no longer able to cultivate a dialogue to promote the risk reduction approach against the main cause of preventable diseases and premature deaths in France,” SOVAPE said in its post. “We do not regret having tried, but must acknowledge that it is no longer possible for us to lead this fight that is dear to us, and which has nevertheless contributed to saving lives!”

  • Encouraging Engagement

    Encouraging Engagement

    Image: SolaruS

    Open dialogue is key to fully realizing the beneficial public health impact of tobacco harm reduction.

    By Danni Tower

    Tobacco harm reduction (THR) is one of the greatest public health opportunities available today. By fully embracing this concept, we can significantly reduce the more than 8 million deaths attributed to smoking cigarettes each year. To do this, we need open discussion of and collaboration on evidence-based science, which underpins the development of reduced-risk tobacco and nicotine products and inspires confidence in THR.

    The biannual Cooperation Centre for Scientific Research Relative to Tobacco (CORESTA) Congress plays a major role in progressing the THR agenda globally and enabling change. This October, over 165 member organizations—including companies, research institutes, laboratories, associations and regulatory bodies from around the world—will come together for five days in Edinburgh to showcase and discuss the latest research and findings on this topic, under the theme of “Advancing Tobacco Harm Reduction Through Scientific Collaboration.” By facilitating international dialogue on best practices in scientific research related to tobacco and profiling the research contributions from CORESTA members, we hope to further encourage the transition from combustible tobacco to smoke-free alternatives.

    At BAT, we are proud to be hosting the 2024 event, building on our commitment to building a smokeless world—creating a pathway for hundreds of millions of smokers who would not otherwise quit to transition from combustible tobacco products to smokeless alternatives. As an organization, we have long been dedicated to sharing and debating robust, world-class science exploring the concept of THR. Our extensive research on the topic can be found in our most recent publication, the Omni, a summary of the global THR evidence base created over the past decade and insights into what successful harm reduction policies look like, intended for scientists, public health authorities, regulators, policymakers and investors.

    Nonetheless, while progress is being made in these circles of interested parties, we must widen the net to ensure more governments and regulators increasingly recognize the public health potential of THR. All too often, the industry is excluded from the relevant conferences and conversations around the globe, and our science is dismissed out of hand. To make the THR agenda a meaningful success and save lives, an ongoing inclusive and open dialogue with all stakeholders is required. That includes policymakers, regulators and the healthcare and medical communities—particularly those who are currently misinformed or skeptical about the opportunities presented by smokeless alternatives.

    There are numerous examples of where THR is making a significant difference. Countries with supportive THR policies, such as the U.S., the U.K. and Japan, are currently witnessing their lowest smoking rates on record while Sweden is on track to declare itself smoke-free this year—defined as having less than 5 percent of daily smokers in the population—16 years ahead of the 2040 EU target. These remarkable transformations have been driven by widespread THR acceptance from policymakers, regulators and health officials in these markets, enabling and encouraging smokers to switch to smokeless alternatives such as vapor, oral nicotine pouches, snus and heated-tobacco or herbal products. 

    We will, therefore, continue to advocate for open and inclusive conversations essential to build a smokeless world. Playing our part in progressing awareness and understanding of the science behind THR. Events like CORESTA Congress are an important forum to review and discuss the latest science with specialists in the field.

    Alongside investing in the development of new, innovative lower-risk profile smokeless products, backed by world-class science and high product standards, we are focused on creating the environment to deliver public health benefits of THR across the globe. We look forward to bringing as many people as possible with us on this journey.

    Danni Tower is group head of scientific and regulatory affairs at BAT.
  • ‘Ireland’s Vape Tax Puts Smokers’ Lives at Risk’

    ‘Ireland’s Vape Tax Puts Smokers’ Lives at Risk’

    Photo: Taco Tuinstra

    Ireland’s new tax on e-cigarettes is a setback in the fight against tobacco, condemning thousands of smokers to unnecessary premature death, according to international health experts.

    This week, the Irish government announced a levy of €0.50 per ml of e-liquid as part of its annual budget, adding €1.23 to the cost of a typical vape. This tax is far above the European average of €0.10 to €0.30.

    “Sweden is on the brink of achieving smoke-free status as a result of its progressive approach to safer alternatives like vaping. This contrasts sharply with Ireland’s approach, where smoking rates remain four times higher,” said Delon Human, leader of Smoke Free Sweden, in a statement.

    “Sweden’s successful policies, including lower taxes on safer nicotine alternatives, have helped reduce smoking and smoking-related deaths. In stark contrast, Ireland’s new levy will discourage smokers from switching to less harmful options, potentially keeping them addicted to cigarettes and condemning them to unnecessary premature death.”

    According to a recent Irish public consultation, only 10 percent of respondents supported increasing taxes on vaping above the EU average, while 39 percent warned that higher prices would push consumers to source products abroad.

    Through the promotion of safer alternatives like snus, nicotine pouches and vapes, Sweden has reduced its smoking rates by 55 percent over the past decade, resulting in a staggering 44 percent fewer tobacco-related deaths compared to the rest of the European Union.

    “By raising taxes on safer alternatives, Ireland jeopardizes its hopes of reducing smoking rates,” Humans said. “If Ireland truly wants to cut smoking and save lives, it should follow Sweden’s lead in promoting harm reduction, not penalize smokers for trying to quit.”

  • Paper Explores British Harm Reduction Success

    Paper Explores British Harm Reduction Success

    Photo: pressmaster

    The latest briefing paper from the Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction (GSTHR), a project from public health agency Knowledge Action Change (KAC), focuses on the remarkable shift from smoking to vaping that has taken place in the United Kingdom in recent years.

    “A smokefree UK? How research, policy and vapes have cut smoking rates” explores some of the reasons behind the U.K.’s rapid and growing embrace of vaping and provides a case study showcasing the potential of tobacco harm reduction through the adoption of safer nicotine products, following KAC’s recent briefing paper on the effect heated-tobacco products have had in Japan.

    One of a number of positive country profiles set to feature in the fourth biennial Global State of Tobacco Harm Reduction report, published later this year, this briefing paper shows the number of people who smoke has fallen by nearly 50 percent since the introduction of vapes nearly two decades ago (from 23.7 percent of adults in 2005 to 12.9 percent in 2022).

    KAC’s newest publication also includes a significant forecast, based on the latest available data from the Office for National Statistics and Action on Smoking and Health, that reveals the number of adults who smoke will continue to fall to just over 10 percent in 2025. In contrast, the number of adults who vape will keep rising from the 11 percent recorded in 2024, meaning vaping will overtake smoking for the first time in the U.K. According to KAC, these changes provide further evidence that when consumers have access to safer nicotine products that are acceptable and readily available, they will make the decision to switch in ever-increasing numbers.

    While this briefing paper, which will be available in 12 languages as well as English, tells a story of consumers leading the way by adopting a new technology in a bid to improve their health, it also showcases the impact that scientific research and proactive governments can have on public health policies, according to KAC.

    The U.K. has played host to some significant milestones in the study of smoking and safer nicotine products. The link between smoking and cancer was first established in the U.K. in 1950 and these studies led to the publication of the Royal College of Physicians’ landmark report “Smoking and Health.” It was the first to widely publicize information about the negative effects of smoking on health, and it is considered to be a turning point in the history of public health in the U.K. Moving forward to 2015, the predecessor of the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, Public Health England, published an independent evidence review that concluded nicotine vapes were around 95 percent less harmful than smoking. Now referenced around the world as the foremost example of the relative safety of vaping, this report concluded vapes had the potential to help people quit smoking.

    Armed with such strong and reliable evidence supporting the role it could play in reducing smoking rates, successive U.K. governments have continued to endorse vaping. Not only are vapes easy to access for those aged over 18, the government and the National Health Service  (NHS) have encouraged people to switch from smoking to vaping. One of the most radical ideas came in 2023 when the government announced that 1 million people who smoked would be encouraged to switch from cigarettes to vapes. As part of the “swap to stop” campaign, a world-first national scheme, around one-fifth of those who smoked would be provided with a vape starter kit, alongside behavioral support, to help them quit. For its part, the NHS provides a wealth of evidence-based advice to those who smoke about the relative safety of vapes compared to cigarettes, though it does emphasize that the full benefits of vaping are only achieved by those who manage to stop smoking cigarettes completely.

    “In a similar vein to that seen in Japan, the fall in smoking rates in the United Kingdom reinforces just how rapidly situations can improve when people already consuming nicotine by smoking can access a safer alternative like vapes,” said KAC Director David MacKintosh in a statement.

    “When vaping overtakes smoking next year in the U.K., it will not be simply the consequence of a consumer-led revolution, although this has been significant, it will also be the result of successive governments making pragmatic policy decisions based on the evidence in front of them. Maintaining a clear focus on reducing the use of combustible cigarettes provides an opportunity to achieve the ambitious 2030 ‘smoke-free’ target.”

  • New Film Looks at European Harm Reduction

    New Film Looks at European Harm Reduction

    Independent filmmaker David Hanin from Oneshot Media launched a documentary on the European Union’s attitude toward tobacco harm reduction, according to the U.K. Vaping Industry Association (UKVIA).

    The film, titled Shut Up and Smoke, features a number of medical and industry experts calling for a better understanding of vaping and its potential for tobacco harm reduction. John Dunne, UKVIA director general, is one of those interviewed on the role of vapes in helping the millions of smokers to quit and the importance of vape flavors in achieving this.

  • R Street Urges Tobacco Policy Revamp

    R Street Urges Tobacco Policy Revamp

    Jeffrey Smith

    The R Street Institute, a U.S. think tank promoting free markets and limited government, has published the first of three papers on tobacco issues and policy. Authored by Resident Senior Fellow Jeffrey Smith, the first installment addresses the health risks of smoking through the lens of preserving individual liberty.

    According to the R Street Institute, new reduced-risk products, such as e-cigarettes, oral nicotine and heat-not-burn products, offer smokers an unprecedented opportunity to reduce their health risks by transitioning to less harmful methods of nicotine consumption.

    However, the U.S. regulatory environment makes it nearly impossible for such products to enter the market. In addition, consumers must contend with considerable volumes of misinformation. As a result, too many Americans continue to die and suffer from smoking-related diseases.

    The R Street Institute urges industry stakeholders, regulatory bodies and public health experts to work together—instead of in opposition—to reduce smoking-related death rates and provide smokers with safer options.

  • Vapes Among Top Quitting Aides

    Vapes Among Top Quitting Aides

    Photo: Vadzim

    E-cigarettes are among the Top-3 most effective tools to stop smoking, according to a new review of evidence by a team of scientists. The other strategies are Varenicline, a prescription drug sold under brand names such as Chantix and Champix, and Cytisine, a plant-based compound sold as an over-the-counter natural health product in Canada and throughout central Europe and eastern Europe, and available under prescription in the United Kingdom.

    These tools for quitting work best when combined with behavioral support, such as counseling, according to the authors. Bupropion and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) are also effective, especially NRT patches combined with fast-acting forms like gum.

    “For behavioral support, evidence is strongest for counseling and for programs that reward people for stopping smoking,” said senior author Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, assistant professor of health policy and management in the UMass Amherst School of Public Health and Health Sciences, in a statement.

    Published Sept. 4 in the journal Addiction, the review was conducted by the non-profit Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group (CTAG)

    CTAG’s summary outlines the key findings from 14 Cochrane reviews that CTAG published between 2021 and 2023.

    The latest Cochrane review of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation concluded that there was high‐certainty evidence that e-cigarettes with nicotine increase quit rates compared with NRT, and moderate‐certainty evidence that they increase quit rates compared with e-cigarettes without nicotine.

    The 2023 Cochrane review of pharmacological and e-cigarette interventions for smoking cessation included all drugs licensed as treatments for smoking cessation anywhere in the world, as well as e-cigarettes with or without nicotine. The review included 319 studies (157,179 participants). The most effective interventions were nicotine e‐cigarettes, varenicline and cytisine, all of which had high-certainty evidence, closely followed by combination NRT.