Category: People

  • Industry selling 'harm'

    Industry selling 'harm'

    An updated edition of the Asean Tobacco Control Atlas captures in detail the continuing battle waged by the tobacco industry against public health, according to an opinion piece by the Southeast Asia Tobacco Control Alliance (SEATCA) published in The Nation, Thailand.
    “The good news is that countries are fighting back to protect health and save lives,” Dr. Ulysses Dorotheo, executive director of SEATCA, was quoted as saying. “The bad news is that progress isn’t fast enough.”
    Among Asean countries, male adult smoking prevalence is highest in Indonesia, at 66.0 percent, and lowest in Singapore, at 21.1 percent.
    All 10 Asean countries have imposed graphic health warnings on cigarette packs, and four of these countries require huge warnings: Thailand (85 percent front and back of the pack), Brunei, Laos and Myanmar (75 percent).
    Singapore and Thailand are said to be in the advanced preparatory stages of requiring standardized tobacco packaging.
    Tobacco tax policies have been ‘strengthened’ in Brunei, Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand, and these have helped to reduce the affordability of tobacco products, according to the SEATCA piece.
    However, cigarette prices remained affordable and relatively low (under $1 a pack) in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam.
    The tobacco industry continued to escape stringent regulation by interfering at all levels of tobacco control policy development and implementation, because only four Asean countries – Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand – had taken steps to protect their public health policies from such interference.
    The tobacco industry was said to be constantly inventing new ways to sell harm through novel marketing schemes.
    And tobacco companies were said to be producing electronic cigarettes and promoting them as less harmful than conventional cigarettes and as smoking cessation devices. Only four Asean countries – Brunei, Cambodia, Singapore and Thailand – had banned the sale of ‘all types of heated tobacco products, e-cigarettes, shisha and water pipes’.

  • Health benefits limited

    Health benefits limited

    Users of non-combusted cigarettes in South Korea tend to use combustible cigarettes also, according to a Yonhap News Agency story citing the results of a recent survey.
    This reportedly meant that the users of non-combusted cigarettes were enjoying only limited health benefits.
    According to the survey conducted by the Anti-smoking Support Center of the Korea Health Promotion Institute, all users of Philip Morris International’s IQOS, a non-combusted device, ‘tended to use ordinary cigarettes too’.
    The survey was conducted among 228 South Koreans aged from 19 to 24 in September last year, three months after IQOS was launched in the country. The results were published in the British Medical Journal.
    The Center said the survey was significant despite the low number of participants, because it was part of the process of gathering data on the initial stage of the non-combusted cigarette market.
    The survey found that 38.1 percent of the respondents were aware of IQOS and that 3.5 percent currently used the product.
    According to a survey conducted by the Korean Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco earlier this year, 98 percent of non-combusted-cigarette users also consumed combustible cigarettes.

  • Warning size matters

    Warning size matters

    The Canadian Cancer Society has published a report on the nine countries that have imposed standardized tobacco packaging and the 16 that are working on its introduction, according to a story by Manjari Peiris for the Asian Tribune.
    The report is said to show that almost 120 countries and territories require graphic warnings on cigarette packs, and that there is a ‘tremendous international momentum for tobacco plain packaging’.
    The number of countries imposing standardized tobacco packaging is expected to accelerate because of the World Trade Organization (WTO) ruling on June 28 that said Australia’s standardized tobacco packaging requirements were consistent with WTO’s international trade agreements.
    The Canadian Cancer Society report, Cigarette Package Health Warnings: International Status Report, is said to document global ‘progress’ on standardized tobacco packaging.
    It ranks 206 countries and territories on the size of their cigarette-pack health warnings, and lists countries and territories that require graphic warnings.
    The report found that 118 countries and territories now require graphic health warnings on cigarette packs, up from 100 in 2016. Canada was the first country to require picture health warnings, in 2001.
    “There is an unstoppable worldwide trend for countries to use graphic pictures on cigarette packages to show the deadly health effects of smoking, and to require plain packaging,” says Rob Cunningham, senior policy analyst at the Society. “For plain packaging, Australia was the first country to implement the measure, in 2012, and now the dominoes are falling.”

  • Preparing for growing cuts

    Preparing for growing cuts

    In an opinion piece published at thehill.com, an executive with the Center for Strategic and International Studies has called for action to ensure an orderly exit for farmers from tobacco production.
    Dan Runde, a senior vice president and William A. Schreyer Chair in Global Analysis at the Center, a think tank based in Washington, US, said millions of smallholder farmers and their families in Africa and other parts of the developing world were going to lose their livelihoods due to the coming – welcome – fall in global demand for tobacco.
    This decrease would come as a result of changing technologies, such as that driving the movement from tobacco to vaping.
    Runde said that a number of economically-poor countries were surprisingly dependent on tobacco for jobs and hard currency; so the ‘coming end of tobacco products’ would cause a major social and economic disruption within those societies.
    ‘One potential solution would be a multi-stakeholder partnership among companies including tobacco companies, NGOs, governments, universities and aid agencies to design something like a “tobacco buyout” for the developing world,’ Runde said.
    ‘In 2004, the US released the Tobacco Transition Payment Program, also known as the “tobacco buyout” …
    ‘A similar program for Africa would aid farmers’ transition to different types of agricultural products, decreasing nations’ dependence on tobacco exports and increasing the world’s food supply with incentives for smallholder farmers.’
    Runde added that the disruption had already begun.

  • Graphic warnings for Ghana

    Graphic warnings for Ghana

    By the start of next month, Ghana’s tobacco-products suppliers are due to stop distributing products whose packaging does not include graphic health warnings, according to the Ghana News Agency.
    The Tobacco Control Measures of the Public Health Act of 2012 (Act 851) and Tobacco Control Regulations of 2016 (LI 2247) mandated the inclusion of graphic health warnings on all tobacco-products packs within 18 months of the Food and Drugs Authority (FDA) publishing the health-warnings source documents.
    The FDA made the source documents available to the tobacco industry in April 2017.
    The Vision for Alternative Development (VALD), a non-governmental, anti-tobacco organization, commended the FDA on the implementation of the graphic health warnings.
    It said the introduction of pictorial warnings on tobacco products was essential for reaching smokers with low education and literacy, and would help to reduce disparities in health knowledge.
    In a statement, VALD said health warnings on tobacco packages constituted an important method to informing and educating the public about the harms of tobacco use and exposure to tobacco smoke.

  • PMI seeks co-operation

    PMI seeks co-operation

    During the 2018 Concordia Annual Summit, André Calantzopoulos (pictured), CEO of Philip Morris International, delivered a speech highlighting the need for a widely-inclusive dialogue about providing the 1.1 billion people who smoke with better alternatives to cigarettes.
    The Summit, which coincides with the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) meeting, convenes the world’s most prominent business, government, and non-profit leaders to foster dialogue and enable effective partnerships for positive social impact.
    This year, the Summit was held on September 24 and 25 in New York.
    This is what Calantzopoulos said:
    “I’m the chief executive officer of a tobacco company. I’m here today because, as global leaders come together in New York for the United Nations General Assembly, this is the time and place to discuss today’s problems and their potential solutions.
    “Smoking tobacco is a behavioral risk factor for Non-Communicable Diseases – NCDs. According to the WHO [World Health Organization], 40 million people die each year from NCDs. And tobacco smoking accounts for 7.2 million of those deaths. Public health experts project that the global burden of smoking-related disease will continue to increase in the future.
    “This week is about different sectors coming together to take bold action for global progress. That’s why PMI is here. We are asking global leaders to enter into an honest, transparent dialogue with us. We are radically transforming our company to deliver a future without cigarettes. We have a duty to help create a better world for the more than 1 billion men and women who smoke today. We are committed to these people – and to the people who care about them. Their access to better choices means a better life for them and a better future for the sustainability of our planet, our economies and our communities.
    “Our vision for a smoke-free future, which means a future without cigarettes, is one that many share. This is why PMI is pioneering in the smoke-free category – to deliver a world without cigarettes. Our ambition is to convince all adult smokers who might otherwise continue smoking cigarettes to switch to smoke-free products, which are a much better alternative for them.
    “Yes, in an ideal world, all smokers should quit tobacco and nicotine consumption altogether. We fully agree with this. This is the lowest-risk scenario compared with cigarette smoking. But we don’t live in a world where this can or will happen automatically – or anytime soon.
    “Even with increasing prevention and cessation efforts, there are still more than 1 billion people who currently smoke cigarettes. And according to the WHO, there will still be more than a billion people who choose to smoke in 2025.
    “These people are your constituents, your customers, and perhaps, your friends and family. This is reality. It must be met with an ambitious effort to offer these people help by making less harmful products available: allowing them to make better and informed choices.
    “We know smoking tobacco causes disease. We also know that while not risk free, tobacco and nicotine are not the primary cause of smoking-related NCDs. In fact, the primary cause is the act of burning tobacco and inhaling the smoke.
    “Science, innovation and technology have allowed the development of a new category of products that don’t involve combustion or smoke. Their aerosol contains a small fraction of the toxicants that appear in cigarette smoke. You may know these alternatives as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products.
    “We spent years to develop and scientifically assess the risk reduction potential of such products compared with cigarette smoking. Every single pre-clinical and clinical study we’ve conducted confirm their potential to have a significant, positive impact on public health.
    “And there’s a growing body of independent studies, including from government laboratories, that points towards the same conclusions.
    “Of course, there are skeptics who point to the past and express doubts about our sincerity and our science. I can’t change the past. My focus is on changing the future. Can you imagine the criticism I would face if years from now, it was discovered that we had better options for people that smoke but left them in the laboratory?
    “There’s growing recognition, in several countries like the UK and the US, that innovative smoke-free alternatives to cigarettes are likely to be less harmful than continued smoking. These countries view them as an important tool to complement public health policies focused on prevention and cessation.
    “To be clear, I’m not saying that smoke-free products are safe or a perfect solution. I am saying that switching to scientifically substantiated alternatives is a better choice than continuing to smoke. Many smokers around the world recognize that these innovations work for them. Adoption rates point to a promising future.
    “There is every reason to be optimistic that these alternatives are a viable and additional path to help reduce the harm caused by smoking — a path that complements regulatory restrictions on cigarettes.
    “I’m aware of the criticisms around our motivations. But I’m asking you to look at the science and listen to the voices of men and women who smoke. We’ve invested billions of dollars in research, development, and scientific assessment of smoke-free products. The results are published and available for review. In just three years, we’ve made these products available to adult smokers in 40 countries.
    “Nearly six million men and women have already stopped smoking and switched to our heated tobacco product.
    “Now we need to come together and discuss what society can and should do next. In my view we need to evaluate not whether the world’s billion smokers should have access to better alternatives to cigarettes, but how. How can we implement the right regulatory framework to maximize switching to better products while minimizing any unintended public health consequences?
    “Let me be clear. The best choice is never to start using a tobacco or nicotine product at all. And PMI fully supports policies to prevent young people from initiating the use of any nicotine-containing product.
    “We’re committed to the Global Goals for Sustainable Development. Clearly, the greatest contribution we can make to society is to replace cigarettes with less harmful alternatives.
    “True change and development requires partnerships – this is one of the UN’s stated goals. Just as other sectors have brought their best ideas for solutions and innovations, so have we. We’ve listened to the call from the UN and global leaders to leverage technology in order to drive progress. In every other sector, when better options emerge, everyone works together to make them available as quickly as possible.
    “However in my sector, society is both polarized and paralyzed. We urgently need an open dialogue. We are ready and willing to talk with people across all sectors and of all points of view, including those who disagree with us. My ask is for everyone here today to carefully consider the role that smoke-free alternatives can play in achieving global health goals.
    “Today, better options are available for men and women who smoke. For these billion people, it’s our responsibility to ensure this moment of transformation does not pass them by.
    “We know we can’t achieve this alone. We need the voices of you and people like you, to be part of the conversation about how we can realize the promise of better options for people who smoke.”

  • Call for advertising ban

    A new petition from SumOfUs, an international consumer group, is urging the German government to ban outdoor cigarette advertisements.
    The group issued a press note yesterday saying that children who regularly saw tobacco advertisements were twice as likely to start smoking as those who didn’t.
    It said that, because of the effect they had on children, tobacco billboards had been banned in every country of the EU, except Germany.
    Today, advertisements for regular and electronic cigarettes could be placed anywhere in Germany, including near or next to schools.
    In a preamble to a petition, the group said that parliamentarians of the centre-right CDU/CSU parties knew how deadly effective these advertisements were but preferred to keep tobacco corporations and their lobbyists happy than keep children safe.
    The group said, however, that dissent was brewing in the German government, and that the federal drug commissioner had recently spoken in favour of a ban. By gathering as much public support as possible, there was ‘a real chance of getting a vote on the table – and winning’.
    Smoking was a serious problem in Germany, the group said, especially among young people. More than 110,000 ‘children’ smoked every day, ‘a higher rate than the European average’. ‘More and more of them are trying e-cigarettes, which Phillip Morris and co. promote as a cooler, healthier tobacco alternative,’ the group said in promoting the petition.
    ‘Smoking kills nearly 125,000 Germans every year. We can’t let Big Tobacco keep profiting off those deaths while continuing to sign up new recruits with its billboards. A couple of years ago, the German government almost banned the ads – including ads for e-cigarettes – but it got thwarted at the last minute.
    ‘Every other country in the EU has put its foot down. It’s time Germany did as well.
    ‘If the SumOfUs community comes together, we can show the holdouts in the German government that they’re on the wrong side of history. It worked earlier this year, when we convinced the EU commission to stand up to Bayer’s lobbyists and ban three of the worst bee-killing neonicotinoid pesticides. With tobacco corporations, we’re up against a $346 billion juggernaut – but as we’ve proven time and time again, our people power is stronger than the industry’s money.
    ‘We know that given enough public pressure, the CSU/CDU will start valuing kids’ health over the interests of Big Tobacco. It’s up to us to make the government go cold turkey on the lobbyists.’

  • Crackdown on smoking

    Crackdown on smoking

    Police officers in the Philippines have arrested more than 291,000 individuals in three months for violating local laws in Metro Manila, according to an ABS-CBN News story citing government figures.
    Most of the violations had to do with smoking tobacco in places where smoking is banned.
    According to the National Capital Region Police Office, the majority of those arrested between June 13 and September 24 broke local laws in Metro Manila’s largest conurbation, Quezon City, where police arrested 156,017 people.
    More than 66,500 people were arrested in the areas under the jurisdiction of the Eastern Police District, and more than 29,200 were arrested in Manila City.
    The intensified operations against people violating city ordinances began in June when President Rodrigo Duterte issued a directive and called loiterers “potential trouble for the public”.
    The police figures show that most of those arrested, 97,685, violated the smoking ban, while 22,407 were arrested for being ‘half-naked in public’.
    About 21,700 people were arrested for violating the curfew on minors, 15,140 were arrested for drinking in public places, and 134,576 were arrested in connection with violations of other ordinances.
    Of the people arrested, 205,004 or 70 percent were warned, 52,823 were fined, while 33,680 were charged.
    At least 32 ordinance violators were still in police custody when the story was published yesterday.

  • Bowles to succeed Durante

    Bowles to succeed Durante

    Jack Bowles (pictured), currently COO of British American Tobacco’s international business, is due to succeed Nicandro Durante as the company’s CEO following Durante’s retirement on April 1.
    In a note posted on its website, BAT said that Bowles would become chief executive designate on November 1 and would join the Board on January 1.
    Bowles joined BAT in 2004 as CEO of BAT France and thereafter became MD of the BAT listed subsidiary in Malaysia. He was appointed to the Management Board of BAT in 2009 as regional director for Western Europe and subsequently served as regional director in both the Americas Region and the Asia-Pacific Region before taking on his current role as COO in 2017.
    “Having conducted a far-reaching succession process with strong external and internal candidates, the Board is delighted to appoint such an experienced and dynamic successor from within BAT,” chairman Richard Burrows was quoted as saying. “Throughout his career at BAT, Jack has demonstrated excellent strategic leadership; growing businesses, driving productivity improvements and building strong management teams. In his most recent roles, as director, Asia-Pacific and, as COO, he has played a key role in developing our potentially reduced-risk products business.
    “Jack‘s track record of innovating, and his experience across so many different geographies and areas of our business, position him extremely well to build on Nicandro’s achievements and write the next chapter in BAT’s history.”
    Meanwhile, Bowles said that he was honored to succeed Durante. “It is an exciting time for BAT with many changes in our industry but also great opportunities,” he was quoted as saying. “With our depth of talent, our iconic brands and our range and pipeline of potentially reduced risk products, I am confident that we will take full advantage of these opportunities as we accelerate the transformation of BAT into a stronger multi category tobacco and nicotine products company.”

  • Research funding

    Research funding

    The US Food and Drug Administration says that the Tobacco Centers of Regulatory Science’s (TCORS) 2.0 program will continue to provide data on the following scientific domains related to its regulatory authority for tobacco products:

    • Approaches that test the toxicity of tobacco smoke, aerosol, or specific constituents
    • Effects of tobacco product characteristics on addiction and abuse liability
    • Short- and long-term health effects of tobacco products
    • Understanding of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to tobacco product use
    • Understanding of how to effectively communicate the health effects of tobacco products
    • Influences of tobacco marketing
    • Understanding of the impact of potential FDA regulatory actions.

    ‘Findings from TCORS research are expected to inform the FDA’s mission to protect public health through regulation of the manufacture, distribution, and marketing of tobacco products,’ the FDA said in a note issued through its Center for Tobacco Products.
    ‘The TCORS program is one example of research supported by the Tobacco Regulatory Science Program, a partnership between FDA and NIH [National Institutes of Health] to foster tobacco regulatory research.’
    Meanwhile, in the same note, the FDA said that ‘the following research investigators and organizations had been awarded TCORS for fiscal years 2018-2022’:

    • Thomas E. Eissenberg. Ph.D., and Alison Breland, Ph.D., Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond
    • Stanton A. Glantz, Ph.D., University of California-San Francisco
    • Stephen T. Higgins, Ph.D., University of Vermont and State Agriculture College, Burlington
    • Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin, Ph.D., and Stephanie S. O’Malley, Ph.D., Yale University, New Haven
    • Rafael Meza, Ph.D., and David T. Levy, Ph.D., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
    • Richard J. O’Connor, Ph.D., and Maciej Goniewicz, Ph.D., PharmD., Roswell Park Cancer Institute Corporation, Buffalo
    • Mary Ann Pentz, Ph.D., and Adam M. Leventhal, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Los Angeles
    • Rose M. Robertson, M.D., and Aruni Bhatnagar, Ph.D., American Heart Association, Dallas
    • Andrew A. Strasser, Ph.D., and Cristine Delnevo, Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

    Awarded by the NIH with funding from FDA, this second round of TCORS represented a significant investment in federally funded research, with more than $151 million total funding planned for the next five years, the FDA said.
    ‘With co-ordination from NIH’s Office of Disease Prevention, these awards are administered by three NIH institutes — the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute,’ it said.