Category: Science & Innovation

  • FDA Expands AI Capabilities to Improve Efficiency  

    FDA Expands AI Capabilities to Improve Efficiency  

    The U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced that it launched upgraded internal AI capabilities as part of a broader modernization initiative, introducing Elsa 4.0 and a new unified data platform, HALO. The agency said the integration of more than 40 systems into HALO will allow staff to access and analyze regulatory data more efficiently, with Elsa now operating directly on consolidated datasets to support workflows across scientific review, compliance, and enforcement.

    “Removing tedious burdens for staff enables them to focus more on science and makes their work streams more efficient and enjoyable,” said FDA Commissioner Marty Makary. “We have some of the best scientists in the world, and we need to take good care of them.”

    New features in Elsa 4.0 include document generation, data analysis tools, improved search functions, and automation capabilities, aimed at streamlining regulatory processes. The FDA said the enhanced AI infrastructure is designed to improve efficiency and support faster decision-making, with potential implications for the review and oversight of regulated products, including tobacco and nicotine products.

  • The Conglomerate Cigar Brands Are Losing Inside ChatGPT — and the Retailer Channel Is the Reason Why

    The Conglomerate Cigar Brands Are Losing Inside ChatGPT — and the Retailer Channel Is the Reason Why

    Cigar Aficionado’s 2025 Cigar Insider Retailer Survey told the same story Cigar Insider has told every year for the last decade. Padrón at #1, Arturo Fuente at #2, Drew Estate at #3, Perdomo at #4, My Father at #5, and Davidoff at #6. The retailers are telling us what they sell, and what they sell is a category increasingly dominated by family-owned manufacturers selling premium handmade cigars to aficionados who walk into shops and ask for them by name.

    The new 5W Cigar & Pipe AI Visibility Index 2026 — released this month after running more than 60 consumer-intent prompts through ChatGPT, Claude, Perplexity, Gemini, and Google AI Overviews in Q1 — tells almost the same story, but with one important difference. Padrón at #1 (11.5% of all citations), Arturo Fuente at #2 (10.5%), Davidoff jumped to #3 (7.5%), My Father at #4 (5.5%), and Oliva at #5 (4.5%). Perdomo dropped to #8 (3.4%).

    The retailer survey and the AI citation surface mostly agree; however, they diverge in ways that matter for every retailer, distributor, and conglomerate trying to understand where the category is going.

    Davidoff is the most important divergence. The Swiss-owned luxury brand ranks #6 in the retailer survey, where actual sell-through is what gets measured. It ranks #3 in the AI citation surface, where consumer research determines what gets asked for. The mechanism: Davidoff’s annual revenue exceeding $1 billion, owned-retail lounge network, and ultra-premium positioning produce the entity-strength signals AI engines weigh on prestige and gift-occasion prompts. The retailer survey measures what tobacconists are moving today. The AI citation surface measures what consumers are being told to ask for tomorrow. Both matter — but they measure different windows in the consumer journey.

    Perdomo is the second important divergence and the more uncomfortable one for the family operators below the very top. Perdomo ranks #4 by retailer best-seller mention and #8 by AI citation share. The brand is a tobacconist favorite — strong programs, consistent product, real value at the mid-price tier. None of that translates automatically into AI citation share, which routes through editorial recognition (Cigar Aficionado coverage, Halfwheel reviews, Cigar Snob features, etc.) more than retailer programs. Perdomo’s challenge is not product quality or distribution. It is editorial citation density. The brands ranked above Perdomo in AI citations are not necessarily better cigars. They are better-covered cigars.

    For the conglomerates, the divergence is more structural. General Cigar’s Macanudo is the leading mass-market premium cigar in the United States by unit volume. It ranks #11 in our citation share index. Altadis USA’s non-Cuban Montecristo and non-Cuban Romeo y Julieta — two of the most recognized cigar names in American consumer awareness — rank #12 and #13. Scandinavian Tobacco Group’s mid-tier portfolio underperforms its unit-volume position across the board. Punch, Hoyo de Monterrey, and Henry Clay rank well below their distribution position.

    The mechanism is brand-narrative dilution. When a single corporate parent owns eight to 12 cigar brands, AI engines route citation share to the flagship and largely ignore the rest. The conglomerates have built the category’s distribution infrastructure across a generation of consolidation. They have not built the editorial citation infrastructure to match. Family-owned manufacturers with single-brand identities and decades-of-tradition narratives capture citation share that conglomerate-owned brands sharing generic conglomerate marketing cannot.
    For the retailer who works with all of them, the implication is direct. The brands that AI engines surface are increasingly the brands consumers walk in asking for. Macanudo will continue to be the leading beginner cigar in unit-volume terms — AI engines reliably surface it on “best beginner cigar” and “best mild cigar” prompts. But the broader “best cigar” citation surface is consolidating around Padrón, Fuente, Davidoff, My Father, and a small handful of others. The implication for category mix, premium-tier inventory, and gift-set positioning over the next 24 months is real.

    There are three patterns the trade should pay attention to. The first is the Cuban embargo asymmetry. AI engines hedge or refuse on Cuban-cigar U.S. purchase prompts and default to non-Cuban alternatives. Non-Cuban Cohiba, manufactured by General Cigar in the Dominican Republic, ranks #10 in our index — well above the Cuban Cohiba it shares a name with. The non-Cuban Montecristo and Romeo y Julieta lines benefit from the same dynamic. If U.S.-Cuba policy shifts, the citation surface will reset substantially. Conglomerates holding the non-Cuban Cohiba, Montecristo, and Romeo y Julieta lines should be modeling that scenario now.

    The second is the tobacco-content guardrail. Roughly 18% of the cigar prompts we tested produced AI refusals or hedges — the second-highest rate of any category we measure. Brands silent on legal-purchasing-age compliance, regional restrictions, and regulatory transparency lose citation share. The January 1, 2026, California Unflavored Tobacco List effective date is the largest single regulatory citation event in the category this year. The U.S. District Court’s rejection of the Premium Cigar Association lawsuit produced a wave of trade-press coverage AI engines absorbed. Brands that engaged transparently captured citation share. Silent brands did not.

    The third is Cigar Aficionado’s structural role as the editorial citation infrastructure for the entire category. The annual Cigar of the Year, the Top 25 list, and the Cigar Insider retailer surveys represent the bulk of “best cigar 2026” citation share in AI engines. Halfwheel and Cigar Snob compound. JR Cigars, Famous Smoke Shop, and Cigars International each operate editorial content arms that produce structured cigar reviews and primer content AI engines lean on. For brands and retailers alike, the editorial channels that have always mattered now matter twice — once to the consumer who reads them, and once to the AI engine that absorbs them and tells the next consumer what to buy.

    The cigar category is not facing the kind of digital disruption that has reshaped other consumer categories. The category structure — family-owned, vertically integrated, agriculturally rooted, retailer-channel-dependent — is durable. What is changing is which brands AI engines name when consumers ask, and that change is happening fast. Two families, four manufacturers, and a Swiss luxury brand have already absorbed roughly 27% of the citation surface. That number will keep growing unless the rest of the industry recognizes what is happening and acts on it.
    The full Cigar & Pipe AI Visibility Index 2026 is available here.

    Ronn Torossian is the founder of 5W, the AI Communications Firm, and writes regularly on consumer category formation.

  • Report: Misconceptions Hurting Alternative Nicotine Products

    Report: Misconceptions Hurting Alternative Nicotine Products

    A new report highlights growing public misperceptions about nicotine products, with 59% believing that vaping is as harmful to health as smoking, a number that increases to 72% among 18–24-year-olds. The “Nicotine Product Harm Perception Report 2026,” released by Northerner and Haypp, surveyed 2,000 people in the UK, with nearly half believing vaping exposes users to more chemicals than cigarettes, and 60% registering as misinformed or uninformed when comparing nicotine pouches’ harm to smoking.

    The findings point to a shift in risk perception that contrasts with established public health messaging on relative harm. The report links these beliefs to broader narratives around a perceived “vape epidemic,” with 78% of respondents agreeing such an epidemic exists despite vaping prevalence estimated at around 10% of adults. This disconnect suggests that public understanding may be shaped more by media framing and social discourse than by underlying usage data.

    The report also cites inconsistent policy approaches and negative coverage as contributing factors to mixed public messaging around vaping and harm reduction. Experts warn that confusion over relative risks could affect smoking behavior. Dr. Marina Murphy, the senior director of scientific affairs at Haypp Group, said misperceptions may reduce incentives for smokers to switch to alternatives, potentially slowing or reversing declines in smoking rates.

     “Alarmist messaging and negative framing risk doing real damage,” Murphy said. “If smokers are put off switching, we risk undoing years of progress in reducing smoking rates. People need clear, balanced information about nicotine products so they can make informed choices.” 

  • PMI Announces FDA Reauthorization of IQOS as MRTP

    PMI Announces FDA Reauthorization of IQOS as MRTP

    Today (April 29), Philip Morris announced that it has received renewed Modified Risk Tobacco Product (MRTP) authorizations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for its IQOS heated tobacco devices and associated HEETS consumables. The renewal covers two IQOS device versions and three HEETS variants, allowing the company to continue communicating reduced-exposure information to adult smokers in the U.S. The FDA said the decision is appropriate for the protection of public health, citing evidence that switching completely from cigarettes to IQOS significantly reduces exposure to harmful chemicals.

    The agency reaffirmed that available scientific evidence supports a measurable and substantial reduction in harm compared to combustible cigarettes, even without long-term epidemiological data. IQOS was first authorized through the FDA’s premarket pathway in 2019, with its initial MRTP designation granted in 2020 and expanded in subsequent years. The renewed orders maintain PMI’s position as the only company with MRTP authorizations for heated tobacco products in the U.S.

    The authorization applies to the IQOS 2.4 and IQOS 3 systems, along with HEETS Amber, Green Menthol and Blue Menthol variants. PMI said the decision supports its ongoing strategy to transition adult smokers away from cigarettes, as the company continues to invest in and expand its smoke-free product portfolio while awaiting further regulatory review of newer devices.

  • FDA Releases Wave 8 PATH Study Data

    FDA Releases Wave 8 PATH Study Data

    New Wave 8 Restricted-Use Files from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study are now available from FDA’s Center for Tobacco Products and NIH’s National Institute on Drug Abuse. The PATH Study is a household-based, nationally representative, longitudinal study of adults and youth (12-17 years old) in the United States. The study was launched in 2011 to inform FDA’s regulatory activities under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act.

    These Wave 8 files contain data collected between January 2024 and December 2024, including questionnaire data, location characteristics data, and state identifier data. The PATH Study Restricted-Use Files have been updated to include tobacco product Universal Product Code data and Ever/Never reference data for all participants with updated Master Linkage Files. Researchers are encouraged to submit a request to obtain access.

    In addition to these newly released data files, researchers may also request access to all currently available Biomarker Restricted-Use Files. Data and documentation from the Public-Use Files are also available for download with updated Master Linkage Files.

    Questions about the collection, content, weighting, documentation, or structure of PATH Study data may be submitted to PATHDataUserQuestions@Westat.com.

  • Researchers Map Final Steps of Nicotine Biosynthesis

    Researchers Map Final Steps of Nicotine Biosynthesis

    Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences identified the complete biochemical pathway responsible for nicotine formation in wild tobacco, publishing the findings in Cell. Led by Prof. Li Dapeng, the work clarifies long-unknown steps in nicotine’s biosynthesis and provides new insight into how plants build complex alkaloids, with potential implications for synthetic biology and controlled production of high-value natural compounds.

    Working in Nicotiana attenuata, the researchers uncovered a five-enzyme “dynamic metabolon” that coordinates the final assembly, stabilization, and transport of nicotine inside plant cells. Using multi-omics analysis, the group identified key enzymes and a transporter that enable a tightly controlled glycosylation and deglycosylation process, allowing the plant to safely produce and store nicotine without self-toxicity.

  • Acupuncture Featured as Cessation Tool  

    Acupuncture Featured as Cessation Tool  

    Acupuncture for smoking cessation was highlighted as a promising non-pharmacological intervention at the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Development Forum, where experts promoted acupoint stimulation as a way to reduce nicotine cravings without medication. The forum, focused on standardizing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) technologies and strengthening primary healthcare, brought together specialists from Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao to discuss scalable TCM practices.

    Paulo do Lago Comandante, chairman of the Macau Association of Researchers, Practitioners and Promoters of Chinese Medicine, said such techniques are “simple, convenient, affordable, and effective,” and can help integrate TCM more deeply into frontline care. Speakers framed acupuncture-based cessation support as part of a broader push to formalize and expand TCM methods across community health systems in the Greater Bay Area.

  • Dutch Study: Supermarket Sales Ban Dropped Smoking 1%

    Dutch Study: Supermarket Sales Ban Dropped Smoking 1%

    A study by SEO Economic Research estimates that the Netherlands’ ban on tobacco sales in supermarkets, mini-markets, and night shops from July 1, 2024, led to 23,000 fewer smokers by year-end, about a 1% drop nationwide. The reduction in outlets cut the number of tobacco sales points within 250 meters of homes by half, with 47% of those who quit living in vulnerable neighborhoods, suggesting the measure helped narrow health disparities.

    Researchers found smoking likelihood falls 6% when no outlet is within 250 meters, while overall outlet numbers dropped 60%, forcing consumers to travel 1.5 times farther on average. The findings were welcomed by KWF Kankerbestrijding, which is urging further reductions in retail availability amid growth in standalone tobacco specialty shops.

  • KMI Study Examines Lung Risks and Smoking Habits

    KMI Study Examines Lung Risks and Smoking Habits

    A large health data analysis by the Korea Medical Institute (KMI) examined the effects of traditional cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and dual use and their impact on higher rates of metabolic syndrome and declining lung function. The study, part of KMI’s “Health Big Data Series,” analyzed medical check-up data from about 3 million individuals screened at eight centers across South Korea and compared health outcomes by smoking type and cumulative exposure measured in pack-years, a metric defined by the National Cancer Institute.

    Among men, metabolic syndrome prevalence increased from 21.5% in non-smokers to 29.9% in current smokers, reaching 31.2% among conventional cigarette users and 30.8% among dual users. Among women, overall prevalence was 10.7% among non-smokers and 12.6% among current smokers. By smoking type, the rate reached 15.8% among conventional cigarette users and 12.1% among dual users.

    Risks also rose with cumulative exposure, climbing to 36% among men with more than 20 pack-years of smoking and 22% for women. Lung function impairment was recorded in 23.4% of men and 21.5% of women, rising sharply among heavy smokers. The study also found smoking patterns shifting, with the share of male lifetime non-smokers rising from 36.7% in 2022 to 39.7% in 2025, while e-cigarette-only use increased from 7.8% to 10%. Researchers noted the findings are based on anonymized screening data and may not fully represent the national population.

  • Tech Hopes to Get Zimbabwean Tobacco Farmers Paid in Minutes

    Tech Hopes to Get Zimbabwean Tobacco Farmers Paid in Minutes

    Tobacco farmers in Zimbabwe are now expected to receive payment within 30 minutes of concluding sales as the 2026 marketing season opens March 4, a major technological advancement for the sector. Traditionally, growers faced delays of up to two days or more under Statutory Instrument 77 of 2022, but a fully integrated digital system linking the Tobacco Industry and Marketing Board (TIMB) platform to auction floors allows real-time tracking of every bale, instant dispute resolution, and rapid electronic payment confirmation. Deputy Minister Vangelis Haritatos said the system sets a new benchmark for agricultural efficiency, encouraging more farmers to participate, including in dryer regions of Matabeleland. Operators at the Tobacco Sales Floor (TSF), Premier Tobacco Auction Floor (PTAF), and Ethical Sales Floor (ESF) confirmed readiness, with upgraded logistics, bank integrations, and biometric systems to curb side marketing and enhance traceability, while TIMB strengthened online monitoring to ensure transparency and smooth operations throughout the season.