South Korea will ban online sales of liquid e-cigarettes made with synthetic nicotine starting this week, as part of broader regulatory changes under the revised Tobacco Business Act, the finance ministry announced. The update expands the definition of tobacco to include nicotine—whether natural or synthetic—bringing these products under full tobacco regulation.
Manufacturers and importers will now be required to obtain government approval, register with local authorities, and comply with taxation rules, including a temporary 50% tax reduction for two years. Sales to minors, promotional activities, and product modification for resale will also be prohibited, while use of these products will be banned in designated non-smoking areas.
The rules also mandate graphic health warnings, ingredient disclosure, and regular testing for harmful substances. Vendors must be licensed as tobacco retailers to sell directly to consumers, while authorities are also reviewing how to regulate emerging “nicotine analog” products not yet formally classified as tobacco.
Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences identified the complete biochemical pathway responsible for nicotine formation in wild tobacco, publishing the findings in Cell. Led by Prof. Li Dapeng, the work clarifies long-unknown steps in nicotine’s biosynthesis and provides new insight into how plants build complex alkaloids, with potential implications for synthetic biology and controlled production of high-value natural compounds.
Working in Nicotiana attenuata, the researchers uncovered a five-enzyme “dynamic metabolon” that coordinates the final assembly, stabilization, and transport of nicotine inside plant cells. Using multi-omics analysis, the group identified key enzymes and a transporter that enable a tightly controlled glycosylation and deglycosylation process, allowing the plant to safely produce and store nicotine without self-toxicity.
Black Buffalo Inc. announced that it has been named the “Official Dip of Major League Fishing” under a yearlong marketing partnership spanning the Bass Pro Tour, Fishing Clash Team Series, Tackle Warehouse Pro Circuit, Toyota Series, and Phoenix Bass Fishing League. The agreement integrates the brand across MLF’s social, broadcast, livestream, newsletter, and on-site event channels, including logo placement on 2026 Team Series boat wraps and a major presence at REDCREST 2026 and the Outdoor Sports Expo at Table Rock Lake near Springfield.
Executives from both organizations said the partnership aligns with the outdoor lifestyle of MLF’s fanbase and Black Buffalo’s adult consumer audience aged 21+, with brand visibility planned across the league’s 360-degree media platform throughout the 2026 season.
FRE Nicotine Pouches partnered with Taylor Reimer Racing as the Official Nicotine Sponsor for four marquee events in the 2026 ARCA Menards Series season. FRE will serve as the primary sponsor for Taylor Reimer at Talladega Superspeedway (April 25), Berlin Raceway (June 20), Elko Speedway (June 27), and Phoenix Raceway (October 17), with branding featured on the car, driver suit, and helmet. The company said the collaboration aligns its performance-focused nicotine pouch brand with one of stock car racing’s rising drivers, extending beyond race weekends into integrated content and appearances.
Counsel for several Malaysian public health organizations told the High Court that former health minister Dr. Zaliha Mustafa acted unlawfully in 2023 when she removed liquid nicotine from the Poisons Act list, arguing the move was made without meaningful consultation with the Poisons Board. A lawyer for the Malaysian Council for Tobacco Control, the Malaysian Green Lung Association, and Voice of the Children, said the exemption left vape products effectively unregulated and accessible to minors for nearly 17 months, until the Control of Smoking Products for Public Health Act 2024 took effect in October 2024.
Government counsel argued the case is now academic because the 2024 law regulates vaping and smoking products, and said the minister acted within powers granted under Section 6 of the Poisons Act after consultation with the board. Opposing attorneys countered that the issue remains live because the court must determine whether the minister erred at the time, adding that consultation must be substantive rather than procedural. The applicants are seeking declarations that the 2023 exemption order was irrational, unlawful, and beyond ministerial authority. The court set May 15 for its decision.
Cigarette smuggling continues to rank among the most serious economic threats facing Malaysia, with the illicit cigarette market estimated to be worth up to RM5 billion ($1.3 billion) annually, underscoring the scale of the shadow economy that remains deeply entrenched in the system.
The Ministry of Finance (MOF) has reported that Malaysia lost approximately RM1.4 billion ($350 million) in unpaid taxes over the past five years, partly due to cigarette smuggling activities. According to MOF data, unpaid duties linked to illicit cigarettes were recorded as follows:
** Jan-Sep 2025
These figures not only reflect significant revenue leakage but also point to the presence of well-organized and resilient smuggling networks capable of adapting to escalating enforcement pressure.
According to security and defense analyst Zaki Salleh, the illicit cigarette problem should be viewed as a strategic threat to national economic security, rather than merely a border enforcement issue.
“National borders are not just geographical lines. They are the frontline of economic defense. As long as weaknesses exist at the borders, the shadow economy will continue to thrive,” he said.
Zaki noted that enforcement efforts by agencies such as the Royal Malaysian Customs Department (JKDM), the Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) and the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (SPRM) remain critical and deserve recognition. In 2025 alone, JKDM successfully foiled 2,742 attempted cigarette smuggling cases, reflecting a high level of operational intensity and commitment.
However, he stressed that enforcement effectiveness must be assessed against overall market outcomes, not just operational activity.
“These efforts deserve praise, but they remain small when measured against the size of Malaysia’s illicit cigarette market. Without more comprehensive coordination, the impact is unlikely to be sustainable,” he said.
Zaki added that border control approaches can no longer rely solely on conventional methods, as smuggling syndicates have become increasingly sophisticated and operate in a highly coordinated manner.
“Today’s smugglers use technology, modern logistics systems and alternative routes to avoid detection. Their operations span land and waterways, including areas that are difficult to monitor physically,” he said.
Beyond enforcement, Zaki pointed to structural market factors as the core challenge. The significant price gap between legal and illegal cigarettes continues to sustain demand among both consumers and retailers.
“This price difference creates strong economic incentives for illicit cigarettes to keep circulating, especially in a challenging cost-of-living environment. Under such conditions, enforcement alone becomes increasingly difficult to curb demand comprehensively,” he said.
As long as demand remains unaddressed, he cautioned, the shadow market will continue to adapt even as enforcement is intensified.
In this context, Zaki said the government needs to explore broader policy reforms aimed at narrowing the demand gap for illicit cigarettes. He noted that the existing policy framework should be objectively evaluated to ensure a better balance between public health objectives, revenue collection and market realities.
At the same time, he emphasized the importance of fully operationalizing the Border Control and Protection Agency (AKPS) as the central coordinating body for border control, to reduce overlaps and improve inter-agency efficiency.
In addition to coordination, Zaki highlighted the need for more aggressive deployment of technology, including drones, infrared sensors, AI-enabled smart cameras and GPS-based vehicle tracking systems, to strengthen detection capabilities and close persistent border vulnerabilities.
Without a consistent and integrated approach, he warned, the illicit cigarette market will continue to erode national tax revenues and weaken Malaysia’s economic resilience over the long term.
San Francisco secured a $1 million settlement with online tobacco retailer Lucy Goods, Inc., requiring the company to stop shipping flavored nicotine products into the city, City Attorney David Chiu announced yesterday (January 8). The settlement stems from a 2024 lawsuit alleging that several online retailers violated San Francisco’s comprehensive flavored tobacco ban by selling flavored nicotine pouches directly to city residents.
Under the stipulated judgment and injunction entered by San Francisco Superior Court this week, Lucy Goods must pay $1 million in civil penalties and attorneys’ fees, prohibit the use of San Francisco addresses in shipping or billing fields, and post clear notices on its website stating that flavored tobacco products cannot be sold in the city. The agreement follows earlier settlements with Rogue Holdings LLC, Swisher International Inc., and Northerner Scandinavia Inc., bringing total penalties from the case to nearly $4 million.
San Francisco banned all flavored tobacco products in 2019, including nicotine pouches, citing evidence that flavors increase youth appeal and addiction risk.
South Korea’s Cabinet moved to close regulatory and taxation gaps surrounding liquid e-cigarettes, including those using synthetic or nicotine-substitute substances, amid what is says are growing safety concerns. At a Cabinet meeting today (December 16) chaired by President Lee Jae-myung, the government approved the promulgation of amendments to the Tobacco Business Act that legally classify liquid e-cigarettes as tobacco products. The revised law expands the definition of cigarettes from products made from tobacco leaves to all products containing tobacco or nicotine, bringing synthetic-nicotine liquid e-cigarettes under formal regulation.
President Lee highlighted concerns that nicotine substitutes have been distributed without adequate safety verification and called for stronger institutional oversight. Reports of suspected lung damage linked to liquid e-cigarettes were also raised during the meeting.
Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Koo Yoon-cheol said products released four months after the law takes effect will be regulated and taxed as cigarettes. However, he noted regulatory limits regarding so-called “nicotine-free” products manufactured before the law’s implementation, stressing the need for separate management and hazard assessments.
The revision aims to eliminate regulatory and taxation blind spots while gradually strengthening safety management for nicotine substitutes.
A new Dutch study reports unusually high levels of nicotine dependence among secondary school pupils, with more than one-third of teenage smokers saying they wake up at night because they need nicotine. The research, published in the European Journal of Pediatrics, surveyed 978 students across five schools and found that 396 had smoked or vaped in the past year and 183 used nicotine daily. Most began around age 13 and often progressed to cigarettes, which researchers said highlights the need for stronger limits on youth access.
Doctors involved in the study said night-time vaping is a clear marker of addiction and warned that many parents remain unaware their children smoke. Addiction expert Reinout Wiers of the University of Amsterdam told de Volkskrant he was surprised by the extent of night-time use, calling it “alarming.”
The findings coincide with a new government anti-vaping campaign, amid repeated warnings from lung specialists as severe vaping-related medical cases emerge in the Netherlands. Other research has found that some youth-favored vapes contain toxic metals, carcinogenic chemicals, and nicotine levels above legal limits.
South Korea’s National Assembly Judiciary Committee on November 26 approved an amendment to the Tobacco Business Act that would classify liquid and synthetic-nicotine e-cigarettes as tobacco, closing long-criticized regulatory gaps. The measure heads to a plenary vote on November 27 after nearly a decade of debate.
The bill expands the definition of cigarettes to include products “manufactured from nicotine,” while excluding pharmaceutical nicotine products. To protect existing vape retailers from abrupt shutdowns, it grants a two-year suspension of distance rules for newly designated tobacco shops and urges government support for workers transitioning out of the sector.
Lawmakers also recommended considering temporary tax relief as the new classification takes effect. Revisions made in committee shorten the rollout period to four months, require risk assessments for existing inventory, and set the taxable moment at manufacture or import.
Finance Minister Koo Yoon-cheol said the government will begin risk assessments ahead of implementation to minimize disruption.
