Tag: Sodim

  • All Eyes on Harm Reduction

    All Eyes on Harm Reduction

    Photo: Borgwaldt KC

    Suppliers of instrumentation and lab services are focusing on novel nicotine products.

    By Stefanie Rossel

    Two things are for sure: Instrumentation and lab service suppliers don’t have any time to be idle. And a look at their most recent innovations conveys a good idea about where the nicotine industry is heading.

    Two years ago, instrumentation manufacturers and providers of laboratory services were busy supporting makers of electronic nicotine-delivery systems (ENDS) with their submissions for premarket tobacco product applications (PMTAs) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

    “It certainly has been an interesting two years for ENDS manufacturers,” says Chris Allen, chief executive officer of Broughton, a U.K.-based contract research organization helping companies with delivering full-service regulatory projects.

    Chris Allen

    “In the last few weeks, there have been marketing denial orders (MDOs) for multiple Myblu and Juul products as well as three high-profile manufacturers being awarded marketing orders for their products. Broughton is thrilled to have played a significant part in the granting of some of these marketing orders, and we expect more to come soon.

    “With these five separate PMTA decisions, the FDA has given the industry an indication of where the bar is set for gaining a marketing order. It also gives additional insight into its evaluation process as the rationale behind the Myblu and Juul MDOs were very different. Although not everyone benefited from these decisions directly, they have given manufacturers new confidence to move forward with product development and future business roadmap decisions.”

    Nicotine companies are now considering new PMTA applications, modified-risk tobacco product (MRTP) applications and marketing authorization applications for products under European Medicines Agency regulation. “The industry isn’t losing its appetite or ambition for innovation and new product development,” says Allen. The PMTA process is now firmly established as one of the costs of selling next-generation nicotine products in the U.S., and manufacturers have adapted to this and are moving forward.”

    In addition to full-service solutions, Allen observes a significant interest in Broughton’s standalone services, such as toxicological assessments and laboratory services, many of which are in support of preparing for or responding to PMTA deficiencies. “Unfortunately, many companies have been provided with a substandard service for their PMTAs. Now [that] we have understood the bar for gaining approval, many companies are requesting us to provide extra evidence to submit before their applications enter into substantive review.”

    Focus on Reduced-Risk Products

    Joost Elvers

    Reduced-risk product (RRP) testing continues to be at the core of instrumentation suppliers’ business. “The industry as well as governmental organizations still have a strong focus on new-generation products like e-cigarettes and heated-tobacco products (HTPs),” notes Joost Elvers, group leader of key account management at Borgwaldt KC, a German manufacturer of quality control instruments and devices that is part of the Hauni group of companies, which also includes metrology specialist Sodim. “New product designs combined with upcoming further regulations and standardizations will continuously require close support,” says Joost. “Besides, the combustible product category experienced a focus revival with the opening of markets to cannabis and hemp products. We are therefore strengthening our portfolio of quality control equipment for the different product categories as well as our broad range of emissions testing devices. Furthermore, with the reduction of Covid-19 measures in companies and countries, our team of service engineers has increased its service activities again to support our customers on site in addition to the remote services that have been introduced over the last 2.5 years.”

    U.K.-based Cerulean is focusing on three tobacco-related areas, according to Ian Tindall, head of innovation and marketing.

    “The first is supporting companies within the ever-expanding heated-tobacco product market,” he says. “This still requires a lot of specialist equipment to generate information needed in support of MRTP applications as well as other product development activities.

    “Also, with increasing amounts of products coming to full-scale production, we are finding routine quality assurance equipment is definitely an area we see as expanding. Partly, we are addressing this need by working with our sister company G.D in providing closed-loop control for makers and combiners and partly, it is rolling out and deploying our X-ray equipment to monitor combiner output.

    “A second area we are really excited about is in producing routine test equipment for modern oral products as we see this as a rapidly growing area where quality assurance can be automated and improved. We launched a product, the Orion, just for this market, and we have received almost overwhelming positive feedback from companies.

    “The final area is in supplying test equipment for the safe regulation of legal recreational cannabis use in the United States. We have rapidly found that this is not another cigarette-type application, and we are learning alongside clients how to ensure the safety and compliance to regulation of these now legal products.”

    While the Orion is currently one of Cerulean’s most sought-after products, Tindall has detected another trend, which he finds difficult to describe. “It’s the service that starts with a customer saying, ‘I want to measure something, but I am not quite sure what,’” says Tindall. “The service is about working with customers to develop test and measurement equipment for new-to-the-world products that have no background of tests to ensure conformance.”

    While Cerulean’s commitment to customer confidentiality prevents Tindall from elaborating on current projects, he cites the example of a customer who wants to prevent burst capsules from wetting tipping paper. “We might come up with a way to measure the radial and longitudinal positioning of the capsule in the filter, which prevents liquid getting too close to the outside tipping paper,” he says.

    New Testing for New Products

    Cerulean’s Orion

    Cerulean’s Orion, the first automated snus test station to enter the market, is but one example of an array of innovations for testing novel nicotine products. Currently, the Orion measures the weight, length and width of the pouch along with the tensile strength of the pouch seams as well as extension against load.

    “We will, before the end of Q3, deploy extra measurements in the form of longitudinal pouch seam position and overlap, pouch transverse seam size and pouch moisture,” says Tindall. “We are listening to the customer base and expect to be adding further enhancements in the future once we have really established what is important to our customers, including the potential for auto-sampling and feedback to a maker to reduce reject rates. We expect Orion to follow the trajectory of most of our products in that it will be developed and enhanced as our customers’ needs change.” The Orion can be used for all types of modern oral pouches as long as the size fits in the maximum and minimum dimensions allowed and the pouches follow a rectilinear format.

    Sodim recently introduced a test station dedicated to the testing of HTP consumables. “HTP and RRP confront us with many challenges, such as different format compatibility and new measurement request,” says Christine Camilleri, director of sales and marketing at Sodim.

    “This, combined with sustainability, guides our development team toward instruments [that are] fully scalable, responding to the needs of this market as regards to quick product changes. All our test stations are compatible with HTP products of any size. Multiple diameter measurements on filter rods are an example.”

    From Borgwaldt comes the LM1E DtL, a new vaping machine that provides direct-to-lung testing. ISO 20768 requires aerosol to fill the mouth before entering the lung, which is commonly named mouth-to-lung vaping.

    Consumers, however, tend to vape different products differently. Borgwaldt KC developed the LM1E-DtL based on the draft development standard of CEN/TC437. “This vaping machine fulfills the requirements of an additional vaping regimen considering inhalation from an electronic cigarette directly into the lung,” explains Elvers. “As you can easily imagine, the emissions composition differs from that generated under the ISO 20768 process and therefore reflects the consumer exposition much better.”

    Design Support 

    The industry’s focus on RRPs is reflected in the demand for lab services too. With nicotine pouches, one of the most rapidly growing segments within the reduced-risk category, Broughton is seeing much interest in its consulting and testing services. “There are some interesting innovations around oral pouch materials, so our feeling is that the scope for oral pouches will grow beyond nicotine. The products are covered by the PMTA process within the U.S., so we have been busy providing support for these applications. Within the EU, any work performed is typically to support product development and/or due diligence. As per the ENDS analysis, the focus is placed upon nicotine content and HPHCS [harmful and potentially harmful constituents]. However, automated (flow-through) dissolution analysis is widely used to support the R&D process.”

    Broughton is also offering development services for next-generation products as well as for cannabinoids, another big theme in the sector. The company already has a medicinal cannabis and CDB business. For novel nicotine products, it has launched a division that helps customers design their products in a way that increases the chance of regulatory approval, for example by ensuring that development decisions taken early in a project support the later stages of a planned regulatory submission or go-to-market strategy.

    “This could be early development material or ingredient selection to expedite extractables and leachable studies or ensuring product designs are suitable for mass-market manufacturing scale-up,” says Allen. “Our services are completely scalable to the needs of the client so we can help with one stage of product realization or work as an extension of an in-house development team all through the product lifecycle. We created the service in response to requests from existing clients, so we know there is a demand for this sort of expert advice and consultancy.”

    As far as trends are concerned, Allen sees growth in the diversity of nicotine-delivery systems. “There are more heated-tobacco products, more modern oral nicotine pouch manufacturers plus innovations like water-based vape devices and new heating mechanisms,” he says. “Disposable vape devices are also growing in popularity, and there are some exciting innovations around device material selection, especially focused on improving the recyclability of products, which we predict will be very important in the future. At Broughton, we work with a wide variety of ENDS manufacturers of different sizes and backgrounds. We are seeing a lot of new technology coming from regions like the Middle East, India and Indonesia in addition to where you’d expect it to come from, such as the USA and China. It really is a very dynamic industry with lots of new players looking to bring something different and differentiated to the market.”

    Greener Measurements

    While flexibility plays an important role in novel-products testing equipment, Borgwaldt KC and Sodim have also noticed growing demand for sustainability. “We can currently see two trends gaining momentum within our customer base. One is for sure the change in available product portfolios of some of our customer groups; the other is the realization of sustainability targets in the instruments environment,” explains Elvers.

    “We therefore spend many efforts in making flexible emissions testing solutions for combustible cigarettes and cigars as well as for the new electronic product segment of ENDS. The successful launch of the 10-port vaping machine NGX10 and its continuous modularization with further add-ons shows us the high demand for such a modern and ENDS-dedicated solution on the market. Besides this, the trend of rethinking life cycles of instruments and how they can be converted for new demands to save resources made us create our ‘lifetime extension’ program in which we update older instruments with the newest measuring technology by fully building upon existing infrastructure and reusing or refurbishing existing parts for a more sustainable outcome.”

    Camilleri notes that customers are moving to “green” products, such as hemp and cannabis. “On physical parameters, they are aiming to get fast measuring solutions in a quickly changing market,” she says. “Specific developments become the norm compared to standard solutions in the past. We orientate our products on super flexible instruments adapted to different market environments and production allowing long-term evolution of test stations, including the possibility to upgrade them to cater to new product trends. Our products can have several lives in different segments of the industry, reducing the impact on the environment.”

    Christine Camilleri

    Testing Without Standards

    As more countries legalize cannabis, instrumentation makers detect new opportunities—even though testing standards are not yet in place. “Weight is currently the most important parameter, but we also see a new interest to measure the same physical parameters as in conventional cigarettes to improve the quality of the products and reduce cost generated by waste,” says Camilleri, whose company has adapted its Sodiline and Sodiqube test stations to cannabis testing.

    Borgwaldt and Sodim are active in the raw material and emissions testing segments of cannabis products. “Combined with the experience gained with production machines of our sister companies Garbuio and Hauni, we established ourselves as a main contact point for raw material and production control as well as emissions testing for cannabis products,” says Elvers.

    Borgwaldt has developed an electrostatic precipitation trap, HV1, which is used to trap emissions for the analysis of metals. Being a phytoextracting plant, cannabis collects and saves metals from the soil so that these elements will be released during the smoking and consumption process. “This smoking and vaping machine-independent solution can be used as a flexible add-on for the emission control of metals of cannabis products,” says Elvers.

    Cerulean also has an electrostatic precipitator trap upgrade kit in its portfolio. The company has been working with Kaycha Labs in Denver, Colorado, USA, to overcome some of the problems inherent in the Colorado state requirement for emissions testing for metals, and it has published several white papers describing some of the changes required to allow a vaping machine to work with highly viscous cannabis oils. “This work supports the multiple machines we have sold to legal operations in the United States and hopefully demonstrates our commitment to this new industry,” says Tindall.  He hopes that a set of practical conditions and analysis standard operating procedures can be adopted by the cannabis industry that provide a basis for comparisons from state to state.

    Agility is Key

     Regarding future requirements for testing equipment and lab services, Sodim and Borgwaldt KC say agility will be key. “Demands change within months, [and] products appear and disappear on the markets in a short period of time, therefore we as a supplier of quality control and emissions testing equipment have to keep up and even overtake these market demands and show our ability to react fastest to new market challenges,” says Camilleri, speaking for both companies.

    “Also, digital solutions within the instruments business are expected to play a bigger role in the future. This can be related to the use of data being generated by measurement equipment or the combination and common usage of such data by the measuring instrument and the manufacturing systems. Even the partial replacement of physical measurements by a digital process is something to be considered as a future requirement.”

    “My personal view is that we have probably hit, or are near to hitting, an innovation ceiling for vaping products,” predicts Tindall. “HTPs are still in a growth phase, and there will be other entrants beyond the big players currently in the market. There will be novel HTPs for sure over the coming five years.”

    Tindall expects quality assessment and quality control for physical tests to transition from the laboratory to the production floor. “This means we need to have robustness and simplicity of operation in the forefront of our equipment design,” he says. “Especially if, as I expect, HTP manufacture is increasingly accompanied by more stringent traceability [requirements] as HTPs become even more highly regulated than combustible cigarettes. This will make current good manufacturing practice a baseline requirement that our equipment would need to support. Moreover, the interconnectedness of manufacturing processes and data retrieval becomes a fundamental of design and not just an afterthought.”

    The recreational cannabis market, he says, will continue to spread. “This will mean that belatedly, there will be regulation of emissions, requiring new vaping equipment.”

    With more than 1 billion adult smokers in the world—a number that is still increasing—Allen expects demand for testing to support regulatory submissions to increase over time, with a demand for more sensitive testing criteria, more in-depth analysis of test data and great insight from real-world evidence based on human factor studies over longer time periods.

    “Remember, this is still a very young industry, so continuing to collect data is going to be essential to underpin belief in reduced-risk products and their contribution to tobacco harm reduction,” he says.

    Stefanie Rossel is Tobacco Reporter’s editorial contributor. An experienced trade journalist, she combines sharp reporting skills with in-depth knowledge of the tobacco and vapor industries. Prior to joining Tobacco Reporter, Stefanie was editor-in-chief at Tobacco Journal International, where she worked for a decade. Fluent in English, German and French, Stefanie covers tobacco news around the world. She is based in Germany.
  • No Exaggeration

    No Exaggeration

    Photo: asayenka

    The future of tobacco machinery in a rapidly changing market for nicotine products

    By George Gay

    According to the Oxford Dictionary of Humorous Quotations, on June 2, 1890, the New York Journal ran what was to become one of most famous quips by Mark Twain: The report of my death was an exaggeration. The quote is perhaps more often rendered as “Reports of my death have been greatly exaggerated,” and, in this form especially, it could be applied to the tobacco industry. With the word “my” substituted with “the tobacco industry’s,” the quote could have been run in the New York Journal and other U.S. or European newspapers any time during the past 50 years because, while the tobacco industry has suffered a number of well-publicized setbacks, it has always recovered.

    No one can deny, however, that while sales of traditional cigarettes might be increasing slightly in a few markets and holding firm in others, in many, they are falling or even plummeting. Certainly, the long-term, worldwide trend seems to be down, and it is difficult to imagine any future scenarios in which tobacco smoking will be given a boost.

    This, of course, raises questions about where the machinery sector—and here and elsewhere in this piece I’m writing about making and packing machines for traditional cigarettes—is headed. It would seem reasonable to assume that it will decline in line with the market for cigarettes. But things might not be quite as simple as this, partly because there are divisions within this sector.

    Ask around and you will no doubt be told any number of reasons why the tobacco industry has managed to survive in the face of the moral outrage aimed at its existence by the people with the power to put it out of existence, but one of the most important reasons is that it has demonstrated flexibility where necessary, though sometimes reluctantly and, therefore, belatedly.

    There was, about 30 years ago, a sense that machinery suppliers, especially those based in Europe, were working themselves out of a job because, as increases in sales of cigarettes outside China slowed, machinery speeds were being ramped up—at times hugely. And at roughly the same time, technology transfer deals were being made with engineering companies in China.

    In part, though, there was something of a separation between overall cigarette consumption and machine capacities. The very fastest machines became relevant mostly to what were known as long-run brands, the most internationally in-demand products, the sorts that major cigarette manufacturers wanted to focus on and wanted increasing numbers of consumers to focus on while the manufacture of lesser brands was left in the hands of slower—though mostly not slow—machinery.

    On the surface, such a separation was based on the competing claims about machine flexibility. Those supplying slower machinery claimed their equipment was better for manufacturing other than long-run brands because technicians could make the size and other changes needed when switching from the manufacture of one type of cigarette to another more quickly than was the case with faster machinery. And even if changes took the same length of time on the two types of machines, they said, it was more inefficient to have a fast machine sitting idle while lengthy changes were made to it than to have a slower one sitting idle.

    Partly in response to this, perhaps, the suppliers of the fastest machinery made well-publicized efforts to make their equipment more flexible. But this response was more likely to have been caused mostly by competitive issues, supplier to supplier, I think. After all, those that supplied the faster machines offered also slower—though not the slowest—equipment, either directly or, as time went by, through acquired specialized suppliers.

    Of course, there is more to the machinery capacity arguments than cigarette production numbers; it also concerns investment costs. For many years now, we have been used to seeing the major international cigarette manufacturers swallow smaller companies, and, in recent times, seeing those manufacturers consolidate their product portfolios, all of which, I guess, has tipped the scales toward high-capacity machinery.

    New-Generation Products

    But what about the future? I guess it is not beyond the bounds of possibility that, having perhaps taken their eyes off the traditional cigarette ball somewhat, the major cigarette manufacturers have left the door open to startups, at least in those countries where it is possible to start a cigarette manufacturing business from scratch. After all, they have stopped manufacturing some of their shorter run brands and are in the process of converting former cigarette factories to manufacture new-generation products. Clearly, if this door is left ajar, part of the focus might start to switch to smaller manufacturers and, therefore, to lower capacity machinery, including secondhand machinery.

    Such thoughts were brought to the surface again recently when, according to a report in the Guardian newspaper, Philip Morris International’s CEO, Jacek Olczak, called on the U.K. government to ban cigarettes within the next 10 years. Olczak apparently said PMI could “see the world without cigarettes … and actually, the sooner it happens, the better for everyone.” Olczak said, “Give [people] a choice of smoke-free alternatives … with the right regulation and information, it can happen 10 years from now in some countries. You can solve the problem once and forever.”

    I don’t know why Olczak picked on the U.K., but it might have been partly because the country has already seen a fairly dramatic fall in cigarette consumption, because it has taken a generally progressive attitude toward lower risk alternatives to combustible cigarettes and because the country is in a state of transition in respect of tobacco and nicotine as it reviews its tobacco and related products regulations after having left the EU and left behind the necessity to comply with that institution’s Tobacco Products Directive (TPD).

    Looked at like this, the U.K. could become an experiment in tobacco harm reduction (THR), were the government to make such a bold move. And this is not altogether unthinkable even for a semi-detached libertarian regime as is now in power. But the real question is: What would be the conclusion of such an experiment? Would the U.K. become, as those supporting the principles of THR might have it, a tobacco smoke-free heaven in which former smokers were satisfied with the new, less risky nicotine-delivery products, cancer rates plummeted and the economy boomed as improvements in health, productivity and social cohesion provided huge dividends?

    Or would it conclude, as those opposed to THR might have it, with a nation, most of whose youngsters were hooked on nicotine and committing crimes to obtain the money necessary to buy the black market cigarettes onto which they had moved during their summer breaks abroad—a nation with worsening health, productivity and social cohesion?

    Given scenario one, the medium-term to long-term outlook for cigarette machinery suppliers would be bleak because even the best efforts of the World Health Organization and its allies would not be able to hold the tide of countries wanting to take advantage of similar THR dividends. But given scenario two, cigarette machinery suppliers could end up on a roll given that what had appeared to be the only truly viable route out of smoking had been shown to be fatally flawed.

    Of course, it is unlikely, I think, that Olczak believes the U.K. government would ban cigarette smoking within 10 years, but I wouldn’t rule out that he is banking on his plan B being taken seriously: “Give [people] a choice of smoke-free alternatives … with the right regulation and information …”

    This would, of itself, be a valuable experiment, especially if cigarette smokers were also provided with the right, or rather truthful, information and if the information provided to both smokers and vapers included accurate information about the environmental impacts of traditional cigarettes and lower risk products. After all, it is going to be challenging to enjoy a smoke or a vape if your house has been blown away and you are standing up to your neck in water that is being evaporated by the heat dome that has appeared overhead.

    So what is the likely outcome? I think we will see a U.K. scenario that sits somewhere between one and two above. The art of politics is compromise, which, depending on your point of view, means satisfying everybody or nobody. In other words, there will be significant but modest changes in the U.K. that will bring about a welcome boost to the conversion of smokers to less risky products.

    Looking further afield, the U.K. example might have some effect on those countries orbiting at the greatest distance from the WHO, while those in closer orbits will continue to try to rebut the ideas of THR. The result will be that cigarette smoking worldwide will continue to fall for the next 10 years, much as it has in the past, and the requirement for cigarette machinery will fall with it, perhaps with demand tilting toward medium-speed equipment. I think there is simply too much inertia in the market, largely held in place by the opposition to THR inherent in positions taken up by the WHO and its allies, for there to be any sudden, major changes. For one thing, it has to be remembered that while the U.K. might have shaken off the shackles of the TPD, it is still tied to the WHO’s Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and the way that treaty is interpreted by the parties to it.

    One last point: If the U.K. government does decide to ban cigarettes during the next 10 years, it would be consistent and fair for it to also ban alcohol. In fact, it would be hypocrisy not to do so. Alcohol consumption takes a far greater toll on U.K. society than tobacco consumption, and, with the number of smokers falling and the number of drinkers increasing, the damage caused by alcohol is only going to increase relative to that of tobacco.

    Sodim’s Synergies

    Eric Favre

    In communicating earlier this year about a story published in the August issue of Tobacco Reporter, Eric Favre described as synergistic the relationship between the instrument company of which he is managing director, Sodim, and Hauni, the machinery supplier. He made his remark in reply to a question about what advantages had accrued after the acquisition some years ago of Sodim by Hauni.

    Favre made the point, also, that this synergy, this coordination if you like, extended to customers and potential customers. There were, for example, advantages to be had for a customer in acquiring, for instance, a cigarette maker and a quality control (QC) test station as a single package—advantages such as those to do with technology and logistics. And by the same token, Favre added, during an R&D project, a customer could take advantage not only of the machinery expertise and support available from Hauni but also of the quality assurance (QA) and QC oversight of Sodim.

    The idea of such synergies did not make it into the August story but, this, the September issue, provides an opportunity to take the idea further because it is looking at making and packing.

    Tobacco Reporter: Given that Hauni making machinery would, in the normal course of things, be delivered with QA/QC equipment included, what, specifically, can Sodim add to a cigarette manufacturer’s standards armory?

    Eric Favre: Sodim adds the capacity of automatic sampling, a hands-free system that picks a cigarette from the mass flow and delivers it into the hopper of a Sodim test station: a SodiQube or a station from the Sodiline family. The data generated by the test station is then fed back to the maker, which, where necessary, uses it automatically to adjust its settings and thereby keep each cigarette produced very close to the target weight, diameter and dense end position. It is, in fact, a “police camera” that fine tunes the monitoring of the maker.

    What can Sodim offer in the way of additional QA and QC equipment in respect of cigarette packing?

    In the packing area, Sodim can offer a nondestructive pack seal tester that has the advantage of allowing all boxes that are correctly sealed to be returned to the product flow. Currently, this system is manual, and it would be ideal if it were developed so that it sampled automatically. Such automatic sampling would require complex developments, however, and might not be viable economically.

    In respect of making and packing, what can Sodim offer to manufacturers of other tobacco and nicotine products, such as tobacco-heated products (THP) and snus?

    Sodim test stations are suitable for measuring THP weights and diameters, though not dense-end positions. And the nondestructive pack-seal tester is suitable for testing THP and snus packs.

    Are Sodim’s instruments used mainly by major manufacturers, or do smaller manufacturers also use them?

    Sodim equipment is used by any type or size of manufacturer, from small and family-owned businesses to international groups.

    Is it true to say there are certain measurements, such as those that have to do with complying with regulations, that all manufacturers must make, though these will differ from country to country, while others are optional because they provide data for internal use, perhaps for improving efficiencies and reducing waste, etc.?

    This is correct. In the case of traditional cigarettes, Sodim’s very accurate and specialized equipment is needed to meet both the demands of regulations and internal standards of quality control. But for THPs, which do not generate smoke, our equipment is used more for internal QC reasons because there are fewer specific regulations in respect of these products than is the case with traditional cigarettes.

    How does Sodim or a manufacturer running Sodim instruments ensure they are giving the correct readings? Do they need regular servicing and replacement after a given lifetime?

    Sodim instruments will give the correct readings provided that the end users—mainly manufacturers but also laboratories—calibrate these devices regularly. And to allow users to calibrate their instruments, Sodim’s ISO 17025-accredited laboratory regularly delivers calibrated standards to the users. In addition, regular servicing is strongly advised and in most cases is carried out by Sodim at customers’ sites. –G.G.

    A Veteran’s View: Challenging Times Ahead

    Chris Crawley

    In another main story accompanying this sidebar, I question how much longer traditional cigarettes, and therefore the machinery that makes and packs them, will be around. My conclusion is that they will be around for quite some time, even though their demise is perhaps being brought into sharper focus right now.

    That is my stab at predicting the future, but what is happening right now? In an email exchange, I asked Chris Crawley of Axiom Select, who has been observing and working widely in the tobacco industry for many years, whether he believed that demand for traditional cigarette making and packing machinery was currently strong, average or weak. “I believe the market for new secondary (making and packing) machinery—with almost all the multinationals—is soft globally as traditional cigarette markets mature and volumes decline,” Crawley wrote. “If there’s a bright spot, it is probably Asia, but this, too, has its ups and downs.”

    And if Asia is a bright spot, for whom is it a bright spot? Crawley pointed out that the large EU-based machinery producers were finding emerging competition in Asia where labor and materials were often lower. There was an ongoing argument that said the quality of machinery built in Asia was not as good as that built in Europe, but while those putting forward this argument might be correct in some instances, any quality gap was certainly narrowing. And, at the same time, the cost and, therefore, the machinery price gap could be considerable.

    Crawley said he expected these trends to continue as mature cigarette markets slowly contracted, particularly in North America and Europe. But again, there is a bright spot. “Nevertheless, there is a highly competitive market—mostly price driven—for used/refurbished machinery from some of the larger independent cigarette producers,” said Crawley.

    That is all well and good, but isn’t the competitiveness of this market in part down to the fact that supply has been choked off in recent years? “It has been general policy, with the multinational producers, not to resell or trade their surplus machinery,” Crawley acknowledged. “Nevertheless, not all play by the same rules all over the world. Consequently, there is a good amount of used machinery available if one cares to search. This trend, also, is expected to continue.”

    At this point, I couldn’t help asking a question that has often occurred to me in my more fanciful moments. If I decided I wanted to start a modest cigarette manufacturing plant in the EU, what would be my best options in respect of machinery and equipment, assuming that I had a modest budget—whatever that might be—but what I thought was a winning brand name? “A modest startup can still find good used machinery at competitive prices,” said Crawley. “For example, a Molins Mk9 with a Hauni MaxS tipper is a good medium-speed complex with high efficiency/productivity. Spares and expertise are also available. And from this mid-point, you can go up or down in price and type of machinery.

    “For the last 30 years, machinery development has focused on higher speed machinery, and, while there are huge benefits to achieving greater speeds from the same machinery footprint, those speed increases often come with the sacrifice of flexibility. Machinery flexibility lags profoundly and there is little development in this sector. Changing machinery configurations for different lengths, diameters and tipping, etc., remains difficult, time consuming and costly.”

    Finally, Crawley turned his gaze on the future. “Affluent and highly profitable cigarette markets still abound, but they are increasingly finding their volumes shrinking and competition increasing,” he said. “In the longer term, challenging times are ahead for both machinery and cigarette producers.” –G.G.

    George Gay is Tobacco Reporter’s European editor, but his territory spans the globe. Based in London, George has covered the tobacco industry since 1982, initially for a U.K.-based publication and since 2004 for Tobacco Reporter. George’s understanding of industry issues, combined with his keen sense of observation and dry wit, have earned him a loyal following among Tobacco Reporter’s readers.