A new global study published by Nature Communications said that chewing tobacco should be receiving more attention for the significant health risks it causes, linking it to multiple forms of cancer and stroke (evidence for heart disease remains limited). Researchers found sufficient evidence connecting chewing tobacco use to six major health outcomes—including esophageal, lip and oral cavity, laryngeal, nasopharyngeal, and other pharynx cancers, as well as stroke. These findings reinforce previous evidence that chewing tobacco is a carcinogen and highlight its growing health impact, particularly in South Asia, where over 80% of the world’s 273 million users reside.
The study said its systematic review and meta-analysis, which analyzed over five decades of research, is the most comprehensive evaluation to date focused specifically on chewing tobacco, distinct from other smokeless tobacco products. The study’s authors called for urgent policy action to integrate chewing tobacco into global and national tobacco control programs, improve cessation support, and expand high-quality research.